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Zoology Lab Practical > Lab Practical One > Flashcards

Lab Practical One Flashcards

1
Q

Genus of class Turbellaria

A

Dugesia

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2
Q

Genus of class Trematoda

A

Fasciola
Schistosoma
Clonorchis

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3
Q

Genus of class Cestoda

A

Taenia

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4
Q

Habitat of phylum Platyhelminthes

A

Marine/aquatic

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5
Q

How many germ layers does Platyhelminthes

Have

A

Three

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6
Q

What are the germ layers of Platyhelminthes

A

Ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm

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7
Q

Class of phylum Platyhelminthes

A

Class Turbellaria
Class Trematoda
Class Cestoda

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8
Q

what does acoelomates mean

A

no body cavity

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9
Q

do Platyhelminthes have body cavities

A

no

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10
Q

what type of symmetry do Platyhelminthes have

A

bilateral symmetry

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11
Q

what does monoecious mean

A

contain both female and male sex organs

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12
Q

are Platyhelminthes monoecious

A

yes

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13
Q

describe digestive system of platyhelminthe

A

no complete digestive tract, contains gastrovascular cavity

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14
Q

what are the muscles in platyhelminthes

A

circular muscle, longitudinal muscle, dorso-ventral muscle

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15
Q

when a circular muscle constricts what happens

A

becomes thinner and longer

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16
Q

when longitudinal muscle contracts what happens

A

short and thick

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17
Q

what type of lifestyles do Platyhelminthes have

A

free living and parasitic

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18
Q

which Platyhelminthes are free living

A

class turbellaria (dugesia)

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19
Q

which Platyhelminthes are parasitic

A

class trematoda, class cestoda

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20
Q

what is a gravid

A

a mature proglottid

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21
Q

what do gravids do when they mature

A

they brake off and contaminate areas

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22
Q

tape worms have heads called what

A

scolex

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23
Q

what are the three basic concepts in microscopy

A

resolving power, magnification, contrast

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24
Q

resolving power

A

the capacity of the microscope optics to distinguish or separate two adjacent objects or points from one another

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25
Q

magnification

A

the degree to which an image in enlarged

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26
Q

contrast

A

the ability to see structural detail against the background

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27
Q

ocular lenses use what magnification

A

10x

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28
Q

gap junctions

A

cells joining and sharing cytoplasm

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29
Q

what is in extracellular matrix

A

carbohydrates and proteins

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30
Q

what proteins are in extracellular matrix

A

collagen, fibrin and elastin

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31
Q

nucleoplasm

A

in nucleus

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32
Q

cytoplasm

A

in cell

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33
Q

protoplasm

A

both cyto and nucleoplasm

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34
Q

symplasm

A

multiple cells sharing plasm

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35
Q

function of cytoskeletion/ microtubules

A

maintain cell structure

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36
Q

the four basic tissue types

A

epithelial, connective, muscle and nervous

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37
Q

tissue

A

a group of similar cells performing a similar function

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38
Q

function of epithelial cells

A

cover or line body organs

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39
Q

three types of epithelial cells

A

squamous, cuboidal, columnar

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40
Q

squamous epithelial cells are found where

A

in multiple layers covering the body and as one layer lining blood vessels

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41
Q

characteristics of squamous

A

round in shape with a centrally located nucleus

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42
Q

characteristics of cuboidal

A

cube shaped with centrally located nucleus

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43
Q

where cuboidal cell found

A

lining ducts of the body, often secretory tissue

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44
Q

characteristics of columnar

A

rectangular with a basally located nucleus

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45
Q

where columnar found

A

lining intestines and respiratory passages

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46
Q

function of connective tissue

A

binds, supports, cushions body organs, transports materials

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47
Q

4 types of connective tissue

A

hyaline cartilage, adipose, bone, and blood

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48
Q

function of hyaline cartilage

A

to protect and support organs

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49
Q

function of adipose

A

cushion organs and to store lipid as a potential source of energy

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50
Q

function of bone

A

support and protect the body and to assist in motion

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51
Q

function of blood

A

transport a variety of substances throughout body

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52
Q

muscle tissue is composed of

A

myofibers

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53
Q

three types of muscle tissue

A

skeletal, cardiac, and smooth

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54
Q

function of skeletal

A

animate the skeleton and create heat

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55
Q

characteristics of skeletal

A

elongate and appear striated due to fiber arrangement , multinucleated

56
Q

function of cardiac muscle

A

to propel blood into the circulatory system

57
Q

characteristics of cardiac

A

striated, mononucleate, branching and terminate in distinct bands called intercalated discs

58
Q

location of smooth muscle

A

in the walls of many internal organs, blood vessels,

59
Q

function of smooth

A

propel food through GI tract and to assist in maintaining blood pressure

60
Q

characteristics of smooth

A

not striated, tapering at ends

61
Q

function of nervous tissue

A

receive both internal and external stimuli and to transmit these as impulses to various parts of the body

62
Q

phylum Protista are a weird phylum bc

A

act like plants, fungus and animals

63
Q

phylum chlorophyta

A

volvox

64
Q

characteristics of volvox

A

plant like, photosynthetic, colonial, flagellated by 2, spherical, unicellular, autotrophic

65
Q

mobility of volvox

A

2 flagella

66
Q

phylum retortamonada

A

class diplomonadea, giardia

67
Q

giardia characteristics

A

parasite
resting stage (cyst)/ feeding stage (trophozoite)
flagellated
unicellular

68
Q

mobility of giardia

A

flagella

69
Q

phylum axostylata

A

class parabasalea, trichomonas

70
Q

characteristics of trichomonas

A

modified cytoskeleton, parasite, unicellular

71
Q

phylum euglenozoa

A 
class euglenoidea, euglena
class trypanosomatidea, trypanosoma
72
Q

characteristics of euglena

A 
free living and parasitic
mixotrophic
contain chloroplasts
flagellated
unicellular
some membrane and proteins constitutes a pellicle
73
Q

mobility of euglena

A

flagella

74
Q

characteristics of trypanosoma

A

blood parasite, biting fly transmits

75
Q

phylum apicomplexa

A

class coccidea, plasmodium

76
Q

plasmodium characteristics

A

malaria, blood parasite, trophozoite in slides

life cycle split between human and mosquito

77
Q

phylum ciliophora

A

paramecium, Stentor, vorticella, didinium

78
Q

characteristics of paramecium, Stentor, vorticella and didinium

A

unicellular and cilia

some of the most complex cells among eukaryotes

79
Q

amoeba and difflugia

A

move by pseudopodia

80
Q

phylum sarcodina

A

amoeba and difflugia

81
Q

phylum porifera are

A

sponges

82
Q

habitat of porifera

A

marine and aquatic

83
Q

type of digestion for porifera

A

filter feeders

84
Q

movement of porifera

A

sessile, fixed position

85
Q

do porifera have true tissues

A

no

86
Q

do porifera have organs or organ systems

A

no

87
Q

porifera: unicellular or multi

A

multi

88
Q

choanocytes

A

feeding cells which contain flagella that produce current by beating

89
Q

ameobocytes

A

food redistribution

90
Q

sclerocytes

A

produce skeleton that give sponge structure

91
Q

pinacocytes

A

covering cell

92
Q

spicules

A

help give sponge its shape

93
Q

metazoans

A

multicellular animals

94
Q

sponges reproductive system

A

monoecious, reproduce sexually and asexually

95
Q

calcareous spicules

A

contain calcium carbonate

96
Q

siliceous spicules

A

contain silicone dioxide

97
Q

sponging fibers

A

contain proteinacious

98
Q

phylum porifera has how many classes

A

three

99
Q

class calcarea

A

scypha, leucosolenia

100
Q

class hexactinellida

A

euplectella

101
Q

class demospongiae

A

spongia

102
Q

scypha has what body

A

syconoid

103
Q

leucosolenia contains what spicules

A

sponging and calcareous

104
Q

euplectella has what spicules

A

siliceous

105
Q

spongia has what body form

A

leuconoid

106
Q

three types of sponge bodies

A

asconoid, syconoid and leuconoid

107
Q

habitat of phylulm cnidaria

A

primarily marine but some aquatic

108
Q

symmetry of cnidaria

A

radially symmetrical

109
Q

cnidarian are first animals to display a

A

a tissue level of organization

110
Q

diploblastic

A

derived from two tissue layers

111
Q

dimorphic

A

two stages

112
Q

what are the two stages of cnidaria

A

medusae and polyp

113
Q

what stage is motile for cnidaria

A

medusae

114
Q

what stage is sessile for cnidaria

A

polyp

115
Q

what is the digestion system like for cnidaria

A

one gut, one opening, no complete digestion system, has gastrovascular cavity

116
Q

what are the basic cell types in cnidaria

A

epitheliomuscular cell and gastrodermal cell

117
Q

what sits between epitheliomuscular and gastrodermal cell

A

mesoglea

118
Q

the germ layer for cnidarian consists of

A

ectoderm and endoderm

119
Q

ectoderm

A

rise to epidermis cell

120
Q

endoderm

A

rise to gastro cell

121
Q

when is ectoderm and endoderm formed in cnidaria

A

created in early stages of development

122
Q

cnidocytes

A

contain nematocysts

123
Q

nematocysts are used for

A

prey capture and defense

124
Q

how many classes of cnidaria

A

three

125
Q

class hydrozoa

A

hydra, obelia, gonionemus, physalia

126
Q

class scyphozoa

A

aurelia

127
Q

class anthozoa

A

metridium, meandrina, gorgonian, tubipora

128
Q

classification

A

the ordering of organisms into groups based on their relationships

129
Q

phylogeny

A

evolutionary history of a group of organisms

130
Q

homology

A

any character or structure that is similar in two or more organisms due to common ancestry

131
Q

analogy

A

any character that is similar because two organisms evolved under similar environmental pressures

132
Q

taxonomy

A

the study of the basis, principles, procedures, and rules of classifications

133
Q

cladistics

A

phylogenetics

places organisms into groups based on their recency of common descent

134
Q

synapomorphies

A

shared derived character

135
Q

symplesiomorphies

A

shared ancestral conditions

136
Q

cladograms

A

phylogenetic trees

a graphical demonstration of the phylogenetic relatedness of organisms depicted at various taxonomic levels

Zoology Lab Practical (1 decks)

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