Lab Practical

Question 1

what kind of changes can you make with regard to patient tolerance

Answer 1

larger electrodes
move them further away
decrease intensity 
increase frequency 
decrease pulse duration

Question 2

what is the main indication for using TENS

Answer 2

pain relief
be more active
less pain medication use
increase movement and mobility

Question 3

what are the differences between conventional and acupuncture TENS

Answer 3

conventional: can wear up to 24 hours and move with it. Pain relief just while pads are on. Frequency 100-150Hz. Pulse duration 50-80 microseconds. gate control theory
acupuncture: 20-30 min, pain for 5 hours because endogenous opioid release. frequency is 2-10 Hz, and pulse duration is 150-300 microseconds.

Question 4

true or false: for pain control, we want a muscle contraction

Answer 4

false

Question 5

contraindications for TENS and IFC

Answer 5

pacemaker, arrhythmia
electrode over carotid sinus
DVT
Pregnancy

Question 6

precautions for TENS and IFC

Answer 6

cardiac disease
impaired sensation and mentation
tumors
skin irritation or open wounds

Question 7

high volt: what is it used for

Answer 7

edema control (-)
soft tissue healing (+)

Question 8

when is high volt not good to use

Answer 8

when you have things like heart failure, kidney failure and liver failure

Question 9

contraindications and precautions for High volt

Answer 9

contraindications:
pacemaker
carotid sinus 
DVT
pregnancy 

precautions:
cardiac disease
impaired mentation and sensation 
skin irritation 
watch for infection spread

Question 10

where does the positive pad go for edema

Answer 10

proximally

Question 11

what are the reasons you would use NMES

Answer 11

muscles strengthening
cardiorespiratory functional training
muscle coordination and control 
edema control and circulation 
slow down atrophy 
improve function 
decrease atrophy (in astronauts)

Question 12

what are the differences between physiologic and e-stim contractions

Answer 12

the physiologic is Type I and the E-stim is type II

Question 13

contraindications of NMES

Answer 13

pacemaker
carotid sinus
DVT 
pregnancy 
disrupts healing

Question 14

precautions of MNES

Answer 14

cardiac disease 
impaired mentation and sensation 
tumors
skin irritation or open wounds 
DOMS

Question 15

pulse duration and frequency for the NMES

Answer 15

pulse duration 120-200 for small muscles or 200-350 for large muscles

Question 16

strengthening vs edema control NMES

Answer 16

strengthening on for 6-10 seconds, and off for 50-120 seconds. Try to be 1:5. 2-5 second ramp.do this for about 10 reps

edema: on and off for anywhere from 2-5 seconds. 1:1. 1 second ramp, want that muscle pump.

Question 17

ultrasound indications

Answer 17

soft tissue softening 
pain control
tendon and ligament injuries 
reabsorb calcium deposits 
Fx
carpal tunnel 
patient values

Question 18

contraindications ultrasound

Answer 18

tumor 
pregnancy 
CNS tissue 
joint cement or plastics 
pacemaker
DVT
eyes, reproductive organs

Question 19

precautions ultrasound

Answer 19

acute inflammation, growth plates, Fx, breast implants