Lab Practical #1 Flashcards
Ultrasound Physiological Effects
- incr. cell membrane permeability
- incr. blood flow
- incr. fibroblast activity
- cytokine release
- phagocytosis stimulation
Ultrasound Contraindications
- pacemaker
- active DVT
- malignancy
- eyes or testes
- active bleed/infection
Ultrasound Precautions
- communication issues
- circulatory insufficiency
- joint implants/cements
- absent/diminished sensation
Ultrasound Parameters
1 - 3 MHz
0.5 - 2 W/cm^2
1.5 - 2x ERA
5-10 min?
Ultrasound Therapeutic Effects
- incr. ROM (extensibility)
- decr. pain
Physiological Effects of Laser Therapy
- incr. ATP synthesis
- incr. protein synthesis
- incr. collagen synthesis
- incr. proliferation
- incr. lymphocyte activity
Contraindications of Laser Therapy
- pregnancy
- endocrine glands
- cornea
- hemorrhaging lesion
- malignancy
- open fontanella
Precautions of Laser Therapy
- active epiphysis
- mediastinum
- infection
- recently radiated tissues
- photosensitivity disorders (Lupus)
Parameters of Laser Therapy
- dose ~4 J/cm^2
- ~30 sec.
- usually 2-3 points
Therapeutic Outcomes of Laser Therapy
- decr. pain
- incr. ROM/mobility
Physiological Effects of Cryotherapy
- decr. NCV
- vasoconstriction
- decr. cell metabolism
- decr. MSF and GTO activity
- decr. free protein
Contraindications of Cryotherapy
- active DVT
- TB
- cold urticarial
- Raynaud’s disease
- hemoglobulinemia
- impaired circulation
Precautions of Cryotherapy
- areas of impaired circulation
- infected tissue
- tissue near/over eyes
- damaged/at risk skin
- hypertension (lg. areas)
Parameters of Cryotherapy
- 20 min (7-10 for ice massage)
- optimal temp: 50-60F
Therapeutic Outcomes of Cryotherapy
- decr. pain
- decr. edema
- decr. secondary injury
- decr. spasticity
Physiological Effects of Heat Therapy
- vasodilation
- altered NCV
- incr. cell metabolism
- incr. elasticity
Contraindications of Heat Therapy
- acute injury
- edema
- TB
- malignancy
- active DVT
Precautions of Heat Therapy
- near the eyes
- pregnancy
- anterior neck/carotid sinus
- cardiac failure
Parameters of Heat Therapy
MHP: 158-167F, 6-8 towel layers, 15-30 min.
Paraffin Wax: dip 8-10 times
Fluidotherapy: 15-30 min.
Therapeutic Outcomes of Heat Therapy
- decr. pain and stiffness
- incr. ROM
- decr. spasticity
Physiological Effects of Compression Therapy
- incr. lymph flow
- improved venous circulation/oxygenation
- stimulate fibrinolysis
- incr. skin perfusion pressure
Contraindications of Compression Therapy
- acute pulmonary edema
- CHF
- recent/acute DVT
- acute fracture
- acute dermatological condition
- uncontrolled hypertension
Precautions of Compression Therapy
- open wounds
- controlled hypertension
Parameters for Compression Therapy
45 min to 4 hours
35mmHg to diastolic pressure minus 10
