Lab Practical #1

Question 1

isotonic contraction

Answer 1

change in muscle length

Question 2

isometric contraction

Answer 2

do not change muscle length

Question 3

fast twitch

Answer 3

rapid and strong movements

Question 4

short twitch

Answer 4

for fast movement

Question 5

Sliding filament theory
relaxed state

Answer 5

-No actin-myosin interaction at
binding site
– Myofilaments overlap a little

Question 6

contracted state

Answer 6

-Myosin head pulls actin toward
sarcomere center (power stroke)
– Filaments slide past each other
* Filaments of actin and myosin do not
change length
– Sarcomeres, myofibrils, muscle
fiber all shorten

Question 7

abductor

Answer 7

muscles are responsible for moving your leg away from your body’s midline

Question 8

adductor

Answer 8

responsible for moving the leg back towards your body’s midline

Question 9

cervical spine region
(what vertebrae’s are here)

Answer 9

c1-c7

Question 10

Thoracic spine region
(what vertebrae’s are here)

Answer 10

t1-t12

Question 11

lumbar spine region
(what vertebrae’s are here)

Answer 11

L1-L5

Question 12

Sacrum spine region
(what vertebrae’s are here)

Answer 12

S1-S5

Question 13

what is the coccyx

Answer 13

The “tail” at the lowest part of the vertebrae column

Question 14

flexor

Answer 14

decrease the angle between bones on two sides of a joint, as in bending the elbow or knee

Question 15

extensor

Answer 15

muscles that increase the angle between members of a limb, as by straightening the elbow or knee or bending the wrist or spine backward

Question 16

neuromuscular junction

Answer 16

the synapse that connects a motor nerve to a muscle fiber, allowing electrical impulses from the nerve to be transmitted to the muscle

Question 17

motor neuron

Answer 17

a specialized nerve cell in the central nervous system (CNS) that transmits signals to muscles and glands to control voluntary and involuntary movements (allow us to move, speak, swallow and breathe)

Question 18

sarcomere

Answer 18

the basic unit of muscle fiber that is responsible for muscle contraction

Question 19

actin

Answer 19

a protein that helps cells move, maintain their shape, and contract muscles

Question 20

voltage-gated ion channels

Answer 20

transmembrane proteins that open and close in response to changes in a cell’s membrane potential

Question 21

sarcoplasmic reticulum

Answer 21

a specialized form of the endoplasmic reticulum of muscle cells, dedicated to calcium ion (Ca2+) handling, necessary for muscle contraction and relaxation

Question 22

striated vs. non striated

Answer 22

Striated muscles appear striped under a microscope, while non-striated muscles do not

Question 23

specialized connective tissue

Answer 23

adipose, cartilage, bone, blood, and reticular tissues

Question 24

connective tissue proper

Answer 24

loose and dense connective tissue