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CLINICAL CHEMISTRY > LAB MATH, QC, QA > Flashcards

LAB MATH, QC, QA Flashcards

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1
Q

number of moles of solute per liter of solution

A

MOLARITY

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2
Q

number of moles of solute per kilogram solvent

A

MOLALITY

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3
Q

number of gram equivalent weights per liter of solution

A

NORMALITY

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4
Q

amount of solute per 100 total units of solution; often expressed as g/dL (%) or g/L if no %

A

NORMALITY

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5
Q

GLUCOSE

A

0.0555

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6
Q

UREA

A

0.167

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7
Q

BUN

A

0.357

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8
Q

URIC ACID

A

0.0595

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9
Q

CHOLESTEROL

A

0.026

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10
Q

TRIGLYCERIDE

A

0.0113

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11
Q

CREATININE

A

88.4

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12
Q

BILIRUBIN

A

17.1

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13
Q

AMMONIA

A

0.588

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14
Q

average or arithmetic mean; center of the Levey-Jennings chart/ Gaussian Curve

A

MEAN

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15
Q

middle point of a data set after the values have been rank-ordered

A

MEDIAN

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16
Q

most frequently occurring value in a data set

A

MODE

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17
Q

distribution of data points around the mean; square root of variance (𝑠2)

A

STANDARD DEVIATION

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18
Q

low value means HIGH PRECISION

A

COEFFICIENT OF VARIATION

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19
Q

difference between the highest and lowest values, however not reliable when there are OUTLIERS

A

RANGE

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20
Q

term used when data points are distributed symmetrically around the mean (bell curve)

A

GAUSSIAN/NORMAL DISTRIBUTION

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21
Q

compares the means of 2 groups of data or the accuracy of 2 methods

A

T-TEST

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22
Q

compares the SDs of 2 groups of data or the precision of 2 methods

A

F-TEST

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23
Q

plotted at the X-AXIS or abscissa

A

IV/Reference Method

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24
Q

plotted at the Y-AXIS or ordinate

A

DV/New Method

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25
Q

ability of the analytical method to detect the proportion of individuals with the disease

A

DIAGNOSTIC SENSITIVITY

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26
Q

generate TRUE POSITIVE results

A

DIAGNOSTIC SENSITIVITY

27
Q

required in SCREENING TESTS

A

DIAGNOSTIC SENSITIVITY

28
Q

ability of the analytical method to detect the proportion of healthy individuals without the disease

A

DIAGNOSTIC SPECIFICITY

29
Q

generate TRUE NEGATIVE results

A

DIAGNOSTIC SPECIFICITY

30
Q

required in CONFIRMATORY TESTS

A

DIAGNOSTIC SPECIFICITY

31
Q

probability that a positive test indicates disease

A

PPV (Positive Predicative Value)

32
Q

probability that a negative test indicates disease

A

NPV (Negative Predicative Value)

33
Q

ability of an analytical method to measure the smallest concentration of the analyte of interest

A

ANALYTICAL SENSITIVITY

34
Q

ability of an analytical method to measure only the analyte of interest

A

ANALYTICAL SPECIFICITY

35
Q

overall process that encompasses quality assurance, benchmarking, and other aspects that provide for quality improvement to meet set standard

A

QUALITY MANAGEMENT

36
Q

a systematic action necessary to provide adequate confidence that services needed in patient care would be satisfied

A

QUALITY ASSURANCE

37
Q

is a tripod of program development, assessment and monitoring, and quality improvement

A

QUALITY ASSURANCE

38
Q

3 PHASES

A

PREANALYTICAL PHASE ANALYTICAL PHASE POSTANALYTICAL PHASE

39
Q

a system or process of ensuring accuracy and precision in the laboratory

A

QUALITY CONTROL

40
Q

monitoring the characteristics of the analytical process and detects errors during testing to prevent releasing of inaccurate test results

A

QUALITY CONTROL

41
Q

the nearness or closeness of the assayed value to the true/targeted value

A

ACCURACY

42
Q

ability to produce a series of results that agree closely to each other

A

PRECISION

43
Q

commonly expressed in terms of Coefficient of Variation

A

PRECISION

44
Q

involves the analysis of at least 2 levels of control every 24 hours

A

INTERNAL/INTRALABORATORY QC

45
Q

for daily monitoring of accuracy and precision of analytical methods

A

INTERNAL/INTRALABORATORY QC

46
Q

involves testing samples of unknown concentration of analytes sent periodically by regulatory agencies to participating laboratories

A

EXTERNAL/INTER-LABORATORY QC

47
Q

ALSO KNOWN AS PROFICIENCY TESTING

A

EXTERNAL/INTER-LABORATORY QC

48
Q

National Reference Laboratory for Clin Chem?

A

LUNG CENTER

49
Q

present in all measurements due to unpredictable cause

A

RANDOM ERROR

50
Q

change in precision

A

RANDOM ERROR

51
Q

due to predictable causes

A

SYSTEMATIC ERROR

52
Q

change in accuracy

A

SYSTEMATIC ERROR

53
Q

formed by control values that distribute themselves on one

A

SHIFT

54
Q

formed by control values that continue to increase or decrease

A

TREND

55
Q

highly deviating control values caused by random/systematic errors

A

OUTLIERS

56
Q

most used histogram in QC

A

SHEWHART-LEVEY JENNINGS CHART

57
Q

algebraic sum of the difference between each QC

A

CUMMULATIVE SUM (CUSUM)

58
Q

graphical technique for analyzing interlaboratory data

A

TONKS – YOUDEN PLOT

59
Q

compares a laboratory’s productivity with that of other laboratories to find out what processes or resources have been used to achieve high productivity

A

BENCHMARKING:

60
Q

also known as “deming cycle”; most commonly used in laboratories

A

PDCA CYCLE:

61
Q

element of total quality management (tqm) that strives to continually improve practices and not just meet established standards

A

CONTINUOUS QUALITY MANAGEMENT ( CQM ):

62
Q

system applied to reduce the frequency of test errors or also known as defects per million opportunities (dpmo); acceptable errors: 3 errors per million tests

A

SIX SIGMA:

63
Q

processes made by personnel to improve turnaround time

A

LEAN

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY (1 decks)

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