Lab Manual Fun Facts Flashcards
What is CAGE used for?
Alcohol screening
What is CAGE mean?
C - concern (has patient felt need to cut down)
A - annoyed by criticism
G - guilty feeling
E - eye openers
What is TACE used for?
Alcohol screening
What is TACE mean?
T - how many drinks does it take to feel high
A - annoyed by criticism
C - cut down, has patient felt like they should
E - eye openers
What is CRAFFT used for?
Substance abuse for adolescents
What is CRAFFT mean?
C - car, drove or rode in a car while high or under influence of alcohol
R - relax, used to help relax
A - alone, do you use it alone
F - forget, what have you done while using
F - family and friends ask you to cut down
T - trouble, gotten into trouble because of use
What is HITS used for?
Domestic violence
What is HITS mean?
H - hurt you physically
I - Insult or talk down to you
T - Threatened you with physical harm
S - scream or curse at you
Autonomy
patients need for self-determination
Beneficence
the ethical principle that means “do good” for the patient
Chief complaint(cc)
a brief statement telling why the patient is seeking care
History of Present Illness(HPI)
step by step evaluation surrounding the patient’s reason for seeking medical care
Nonmaleficence
the ethical principle that means “do no harm” to the patient
Past medical history(PMH)
a statement of the patient”s overall health prior to the onset of the present complaint
Family History(FMH)
information about the health of family members to identify a possible risk for the patient:this should include ages(ages at death) and the causes of death.
Social History(SocH)
Work,marriage,diet,exercise,sexual and military experiences,use of alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs.
Review of Systems(ROS)
an area where you question the patient about possible complaints for different body systems.
Utilitarianism
a theory that defines the appropriate use of resources as that which results in the greatest good for the greatest number.
Values
the ideals,customs,institutions and behaviors regarded by a specific group
What is PROS stand for?
Pertinent Review Of Systems
Oral Cavity temperature
average normal temperature is 37 C or 98.6 F
Tympanic temperature
Measures core body temperature, 100 F or 37.8 C
Axillary temperature
97.6 F or 36.4 C
Rectal temperature
~37.5 C or 99.5 F
Variables that affect temperature?
eating and smoking in oral cavity. tympanic- cerumen in the canal can give lower readings.
Pyrexia
Fever, elevated body temperature
Febrile
Greater or equal to 38 C or 100.4 F
Afebrile
36 C to 38 C or 97 to 100.4 F(rectally)
Hyperpyrexia
extreme elevation in temperature above 41.1 C or 106 F rectally.
Hypothermia
abnormally low temperature, below 35 C or 95 F rectally
Standing Resting Heart Rate
60-100 bpm
Bradycardia
Less than 60 bpm
Tachycardia
Greater than 100 bpm
Characteristics of a pulse
Regularity, intensity, symmetry
what is a bounding, aneurysmal pulse rank on a 0-4 scale
4+
what is a full,increased pulse rank on a 0-4 scale
3+
What is a expected pulse rank on a 0-4 scale
2+
what is a diminished,barely palpable pulse rank on a 0-4 scale
1+
What is a absent, not palpable pulse rank on a 0-4 scale
0
Standard chart of pulse for an adult is?
2+/4
hypertensive crisis chart?
+4/4
normal range of respiration in an adult?
12-20 breathes per minute
Tachypnea
Respiratory rate greater than or equal to 20 breathes per minute
Bradypnea
Respiratory rate less than 12 breathes per minute
Hyperpnea
a respiratory rate greater than or equal to 20 breathes per minute with deep inspirations(hyperventilation)
what is the fifth vital sign? what does it measure?
Pulse oximeter. Measures % of hemoglobin saturated with oxygen.
What happens to a blood pressure if the blood pressure is too wide or large? too narrow or small?
Read a lower B/P with bigger cuff, higher B/P with smaller cuff
Acromegaly
a growth disorder associated with pituitary tumor
Afebrile
without fever, denoting apyrexia.
Blood pressure
the force of blood against the wall of an artery as the ventricles of the heart contract and relax
Ballard gestational age assessment
used to assess or confirm the gestational age of a neonate utilizing six physical and six neuromuscular characteristics.
Body mass Index
a parameter used to provide guidance regarding appropiateness of weight for height
Failure to thrive
a sign defined by growth in an infant or child below the 3rd or 5th percentiles on the growth chart
Gestational age
an indicator of a newborn’s maturity
Head circumference
a measurement that should be obtained on each visit until a child reaches 2 years of age
Hydrocephalus
a condition that results from excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain or ventricular system.
Hypotensive
low B/P
Hypertensive
High B/P
normotensive
normal arterial B/P
Orthostatic hypotension
hypotension occuring when a person assumes a standing position. systolic b/p decrease of 20 or diastolic b/p of at least 10 with a reflux increase in heart rate
Pulse pressure
the variation in blood pressure occurring in an artery during the cardiac cycle. difference b/w systolic and diastolic. a reading of 30-50 is considered normal range
normal blood pressure
120/80
prehypertension
Systolic - 120-139
Diastolic- 80-89
Hypertension, State 1
Systolic - 140-159
Diastolic- 90-99
Hypertension, State 2
Systolic - Greater or equal to 160
Diastolic - Greater or equal to 100
60+ years of age target B/P
SBP - less than 150. DBP - less than 90
Less than 60 years of age target B/P
SBP - less than 140 DBP - less than 90
Greater than 18 years of age with chronic kidney disease target B/P
SBP - less than 140 DBP - less than 90
Greater than 18 years of age with diabetes target B/[
SBP - less than 140 DBP - less than 90
