LAB EXERCISE 1A Flashcards
Two main types of body cells
Epithelial and Mesenchymal Cells
Who first published cellular theory of disease?
Rudolf Virchow
A variety of stresses a cell encounters as as a result of changes in its internal and external environment.
Cell Injury
A result of persistent cell injury
Cell Death
A reversible cell injury has residual effects which include
Degenerations, Subcellular Alterations, and Intracellular Accumulations
These are reversible functional and structural responses to more severe physiologic stresses and some pathologic stimuli
Cellular Adaptations
A cellular adaptive response which is characterized by the increase in cell size and functional activity
Hypertrophy
It is characterized by a decrease in the size and metabolic activity of the cells
Atrophy
A change in the phenotype of cells
Metaplasia
Increase in the number of cells
Hyperplasia
Irreversible injury leads to
Cell Death
Metabolic derangement in cells and chronic injury may be associated with
Intracellular Accumulations (Proteins, Lipids, Carbohydrates)
Calcium deposition at sites of cell death causes
Pathologic Calcification
Cell death is also a normal and essential process in embryogenesis. T or F
True
Two principal pathways of cell death
Necrosis and Apoptosis
Apoptosis may be normal or pathological. T or F
True
Necrosis is may be normal or pathological. T or F
False
Injurious Stimulus: Chronic Irritation
Metaplasia
Injurious Stimulus: Increased demand, increased stimulation (by growth factors, hormones)
Hyperplasia, Hypertrophy
Injurious Stimulus: Decreased stimulation
Atrophy
This is due to cumulative sublethal injury over long life span
Cellular Aging
Most common stimulus for hypertrophy of muscle
Increased workload
Most common stimulus for hypertrophy of muscle
Increased workload
In hypertrophy, the increase in the size of the cells is due to
Synthesis of more structural components of the cells