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Labs > Lab exam - medical biochemistry > Flashcards

Lab exam - medical biochemistry Flashcards

1
Q

When do we use pipet man?

A

For measuring liquid volumes less than 1ml

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2
Q

P1000 is used for volumes:

A

200 to 1000μl

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3
Q

P100 is used for volumes:

A

10 to 100μl

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4
Q

P10 is used for volumes:

A

0.5 to 10 μl

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5
Q

What is the most common way to check pipette accuracy?

A

By weighing water.

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6
Q

What is the density of water at room temperature?

A

1g/ml, this means that every microliter (μl) should weight 0.001

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7
Q

If your pipet is accurate:

A

the amount of water you dispense will equal the amount of the water weights.

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8
Q

Human error:

A

If there is any fails in the lab exercise it is never due to the pipet man but to human error.

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9
Q

In a liquid solution the liquid that forms the bulk of the solution volume is called

A

the solvent

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10
Q

If the solvent is water, then the solution is called

A

An aqueous solution.

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11
Q

The substance dissolved in the solvent is called

A

Solute

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12
Q

The concentration of a solution refers to the amount of a solute per unit of solution and can be expressed as:

A

Solution concentration = amount of solute / amount of solution

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13
Q

The amount of both the solute and the solution can be expressed in units of:

A

Mass, weight or volume.

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14
Q

Name:% by mass = mass/mass (%w/w), unit?

A

g of solute / 100g of solution

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15
Q

Name: % by volume = volume/volume (%v/v), unit?

A

ml of solute / 100 ml of solution

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16
Q

Name: % weight by volume = mass/volume (%w/v), unit?

A

g of solute /100 ml of solution

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17
Q

Name: Molarity (M), unit?

A

mol of solute in 1L solution

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18
Q

To make a dilution (or series of dilutions) you need to consider:

A

Both the desired final concentration and required volume of the diluted material.

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19
Q

C1:

A

is the concentration of the initial solution (stock solution)

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20
Q

V1:

A

is the volume of stock solution needed to make the new solution

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21
Q

C2:

A

is the desired final concentration (of new solution)

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22
Q

V2:

A

is the desired final volume (of new solution)

23
Q

The dilution formula:

A

C1V1 = C2V2

24
Q

The dilution formula:

A

can also be applied to solutions that we do not exactly know their concentrations, but we know how concentrated they are

25
Q

The factor X in a solution indicates.

A

That a solution is concentrated and should be diluted before use at 0.5X, 1X, 2X etc.

26
Q

What is chromatography?

A

It is an analytical technique, available for the separation of closely related compounds in a mixture.

27
Q

What are the different types of chromatography that we have?

A
  • Paper
  • Thin layer
  • Column
  • Size-exclusion
  • Ion exchange
  • Affinity
  • HPLC
28
Q

The separation of chromatography is affected by?

A

The differences in equilibrium distribution the components between two phases.

29
Q

What are the two phases in chromatography?

A

The stationary and the mobile phase.

30
Q

The differences in equilibrium distribution are a result of?

A

Nature and degree of interaction of the components with these two phases.

31
Q

What is the principle of chromatography?

A

Chromatography works on the principle that different molecules in mixture applied onto the surface or into the solid, and fluid stationary phase (stable phase) is separating from each other while moving with the aid of a mobile phase.

32
Q

Once separation occurs:

A

The individual components are visualized as spots at a different level of travel on the plate. Their nature or character are identified using a suitable detection technique.

33
Q

What is thin layer chromatography?

A

Thin layer chromatography (TLC) is a technique used to separate and identify compounds of interest.

34
Q

What does thin layer chromatography provide?

A
  • It provides qualitative information and with careful attention to details, it is possible to obtain quantitative data.
35
Q

What is the TLC plate made up of?

A

A TLC plate is made up of thin layer of silica adhered to glass or aluminum for support.

36
Q

The silica gel acts as the?

A

Stationary phase

37
Q

The solvent mixture acts as:

A

The mobile phase

38
Q

In the ideal solvent system

A

The compounds of interest are soluble to different degrees.

39
Q

Separation results from?

A

The partition equilibrium of the components in the mixture.

40
Q

RF calculation:

A

RF=Distance moved by the substance from orgin / Distance moved by solvent from orgin

41
Q

Lystine

A

0.18

42
Q

Arginine:

A

0.56

43
Q

Proline:

A

0.42

44
Q

Alanine

A

0.38

45
Q

Glycine:

A

0.26

46
Q

Glutamine

A

0.27

47
Q

Histidine

A

0.33

48
Q

Cystine:

A

0.30

49
Q

What is SDS-PAGE?

A

It is a technique used for the separation of proteins based on their molecular weight.

50
Q

What is the separation of macromolecules in an electric field called?

A

Electrophoresis

51
Q

What type of gel is used as a support medium?

A

discontinuous polyacrylamide gel

52
Q

What is used to denature the proteins?

A

Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)

53
Q

What is the principle of SDS-PAGE?

A

The principle of SDS-PAGE states that a charged molecule migrates to the electrode with the opposite sign when placed in an electric field.

Labs (2 decks)

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