LAB EXAM II Flashcards

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1
Q

Name + OIA

A

Subclavius

  1. Origin: 1st rib
  2. Insertion: Middle of clavicle
  3. Action: Anchors/depresses clavicle at sternoclavicular joint
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2
Q

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Pectoralis minor

  1. Origin: Surface of ribs 3-5
  2. Insertion: Coracoid process of scapula
  3. Action: Moves scapula anteroinferiorly + stabilizes scapula
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3
Q

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Serratus anterior

  1. Origin: Ribs 1-9
  2. Insertion: Scapular borders
  3. Action: Moves scapula anteriolaterally + rotates scapula + and stabilizes scapula
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4
Q

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Trapezius

  1. Origin: External occipital protuberance + spinous processes of T1-T12
  2. Insertion: Clavicle and scapula
  3. Action: Moves the scapula and head
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5
Q

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A

Rhomboid major

  1. Origin: Spinous process of T2-T5
  2. Insertion: Medial border of scapula
  3. Action: Moves the scapula + rotates the glenoid cavity + supports scapula

SAME AS MINOR

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6
Q

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A

Rhomboid minor

  1. Origin: spinous processes of C7-T1
  2. Insertion: Scapular spine
  3. Action: Moves the scapula + rotates the glenoid cavity + supports scapula

SAME AS MAJOR

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7
Q

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A

Latissimus dorsi

  1. Origin:
    - T1-T12 spinous processes
    - posterior iliac crest
    - inferior angle of scapula, ribs 9-12
  2. Insertion: Intertubercular sulcus of humerus (between teres minor and major)
  3. Action: arm adduction and insertion
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8
Q

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A

Pectoralis major

  1. Origin: Clavicle, sternum, and rectus abdominis
  2. Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus
  3. Action: Arm adduction

(or internal rotation of arm, flexion via clavicle, extension via sternocostal, and moves scapula via scapulothoracic joint)

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9
Q

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Deltoid

  1. Origin: (SACs) Scapular spine, acromion, and clavicle
  2. Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
  3. Action: Arm abduction + flexion + extension
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10
Q

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Subscapularis

  1. Origin: Subscapular fossa
  2. Insertion: Lesser tubercle of humerus
  3. Action: Internal rotation of arm + stabilizes the humerus’ head in glenoid cavity
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11
Q

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Supraspinatus

  1. Origin: Supraspinous fossa
  2. Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus
  3. Action: Arm abduction + stabilization of humerus’ head in glenoid cavity
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12
Q

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A

Teres major

  1. Origin: Inferior angle of scapula
  2. Insertion: Intertubercular sulcus of the humerus
  3. Action: Arm extension + internal rotation of arm

(internal rotation in major vs external rotation in minor)

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13
Q

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A

Teres minor

  1. Origin: Lateral border of scapula
  2. Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus
  3. Action: Arm adduction

(or arm external rotation + stabilizaes humerus’ head in glenoid cavity)

(external rotation in minor vs internal in major)

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14
Q

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Coracobrachialis

  1. Origin: Coracoid process of the scapula
  2. Insertion: Humeral shaft
  3. Action: Arm adduction

(flexion of arm at shoulder joint)

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15
Q

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A

Infraspinatus

  1. Origin: Infraspinous fossa of scapula
  2. Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus
  3. Action: Arm external rotation + stabilizes humeral head in glenoid cavity
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16
Q

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Biceps brachii

  1. Origin: Short head at coracoid process and long head at supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
  2. Insertion: radial tuberosity of radius
  3. Action: forearm flexion + forearm supination

(weak arm flexion at glenohumeral joint)

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17
Q

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A

Brachialis

  1. Origin: Anterior aspect of distal humerus
  2. Insertion: Coronoid process of ulna + ulnar tuberosity
  3. Action: Forearm flexion
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18
Q

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Brachioradialis

  1. Origin: Lateral supercondylar ridge of humerus
  2. Insertion: Styloid process of radius
  3. Action: Forearm flexion
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19
Q

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Triceps brachii

  1. Origin:
    - long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
    - medial/lateral head: posterior aspect of humerus
  2. Insertion: Olecranon of ulna
  3. Action: Forearm extension

(arm extension at shoulder joint, or forearm extension at elbow joint)

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20
Q

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A

Anconeus

  1. Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
  2. Insertion: Lateral aspect of olecranon
  3. Action: Forearm extension + stabilization of elbow joint
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21
Q

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A

Pronator teres

  1. Origin:
    - humeral head: supracondylar ridge of humerus
    - ulnar head: coronoid process of ulna
  2. Insertion: lateral aspect of radius (distal to supinator)
  3. Action: Forearm pronation + flexion
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22
Q

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A

Pronator quadratus

  1. Origin: anterior aspect of distal ulna
  2. Insertion: anterior aspect of distal radius
  3. Action: forearm pronation
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23
Q

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Supinator

  1. Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
  2. Insertion: lateral, posterior, and anterior aspects of proximal radius
  3. Action: forearm supination
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24
Q

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A

Flexor carpi radialis

  1. Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus
  2. Insertion: metacarpal bones
  3. Action: wrist flexion + abduction
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25
Q

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A

Palmaris longus
1. Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus
2. Insertion: palmar aponeurosis
3. Action: wrist flexion

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26
Q

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A

Flexor carpi ulnaris
1. Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus
2. Insertion: carpal bones and metacarpal bone 5
3. Action: Wrist flexion + adduction

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27
Q

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A

Flexor digitorum superficialis
1. Origin:
- humeroulnar head: medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna
- radial head: anterior aspect of proximal radius
2. Insertion: Palmar aspect of middle phalanges 2-5
3. Action: Finger flexion of phalanges 2-5

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28
Q

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A

Flexor pollicis longus
1. Origin: anterior aspect of radius
2. Insertion: palmar aspect of distal phalanx of thumb
3. Action: thumb flexion

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29
Q

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A

Flexor digitorum profundus
1. Origin: anterior aspect of proximal ulna
2. Insertion: palmar aspect of distal phalanges 2-5
3. Action: Finger flexion of digits 2-5

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30
Q

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A

Extensor carpi radialis longus
1. Origin: lateral supercondylar ridge of humerus
2. Insertion: posterior aspect of metacarpal bone
3. Action: hand extension + abduction

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31
Q

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A

Extensor digitorum
1. Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
2. Insertion: extensor expansions of digits 2-5
3. Action: finger extension of digits 2-5

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32
Q

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A

Extensor digiti minimi
1. Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
2. Insertion: extensor expansion of digit 5
3. Action: finger extension of digit 5

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33
Q

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A

Abductor pollicis brevis
1. Origin: Carpal bones
2. Insertion: Lateral aspect of proximal phalanx 1
3. Action: Thumb abduction

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34
Q

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A

Abductor pollicis longus
1. Origin: posterior aspect of proximal radius, ulna, and interossesous membrane
2. Insertion: metacarpal bone
3. Action: thumb extension + abduction

(or hand extension)

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35
Q

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A

Extensor pollicis brevis
1. Origin: posterior aspect of distal radius
2. Insertion: posterior aspect of phalanx 1
3. Action: thumb extension

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36
Q

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A

Extensor pollicis longus
1. Origin: posterior aspect of distal ulna
2. Insertion: posterior aspect of phalanx 1
3. Action: thumb extension

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37
Q

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A

Psoas major

  1. Origin:
    - vertebral bodies of T12-L4
    - intervertebral discs of T12-L4
    - transverse process of L1-L5
  2. Insertion: Lesser trochanter of femur
  3. Action: thigh flexion

(lateral rotation of thigh or lateral flexion of trunk)

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38
Q

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A

Iliacus

  1. Origin: iliac fossa
  2. Insertion: lesser trochanter of femur
  3. Action: thigh flexion

(trunk flexion)

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39
Q

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A

Gluteus maximus

  1. Origin: posterior aspect of sacrum/coccyx
  2. Insertion: iliotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity of femur
  3. Action: thigh abduction (superior part) & adduction (inferior part) + thigh extension

(thigh external rotation and adduction)

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40
Q

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A

Gluteus medius

  1. Origin: gluteal surface of ilium
  2. Insertion: lateral aspect of greater trochanter of femur
  3. Action: thigh abduction + stabilization of pelvis

(thigh internal rotation)

(same origin and action as gluteus minimus)

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41
Q

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A

Gluteus minimus

  1. Origin: gluteal surface of ilium
  2. Insertion: anterior aspect of greater trochanter of femur
  3. Action: thigh abduction + stabilization of pelvis

(thigh internal rotation)

(same origin and action as gluteus medius)

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42
Q

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A

Tensor fascia latae

  1. Origin: anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)
  2. Insertion: lateral condyle of tibia via iliotibial tract
  3. Action:
    - thigh abduction
    - leg flexion and extension

(thigh internal rotation, leg external rotation, stabilization of knee and hip joints)

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43
Q

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A

Piriformis

  1. Origin: anterior aspect of sacrum and gluteal surface of ilium
  2. Insertion: greater trochanter of femur
  3. Action: thigh abduction

(thigh external rotation and stabilizes head of femur)

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44
Q

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A

Obturator internus

  1. Origin: posterior aspect of obturator foramen
  2. Insertion: greater trochanter of femur
  3. Action: thigh abduction

(external rotation and stabilization of hip joint)

same as externus

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45
Q

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A

Obturator externus

  1. Origin: anterior aspect of obturator foramen
  2. Insertion: trochanteric fossa of femur
  3. Action: thigh abduction

(external rotation and stabilization of hip joint)

same as internus

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46
Q

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A

Superior gemellus

  1. Origin: ischial spine
  2. Insertion: medial aspect of greater trochanter femur
  3. Action: thigh abduction

(thigh external rotation + stabilizes head of femur in acetabulum)

same as inferior gemellus

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47
Q

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A

Inferior gemellus

  1. Origin: ischial tuberosity
  2. Insertion: medial aspect of greater trochanter femur
  3. Action: thigh abduction

(thigh external rotation + stabilizes the head of femur in acetabulum)

same as superior gemellus

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48
Q

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A

Quadratus femoris

  1. Origin: ischial tuberosity
  2. Insertion: intertrochanteric crest of femur
  3. Action: thigh external rotation

stabilizes head of femur in acetabulum

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49
Q

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A

Adductor longus

  1. Origin: body of pubis
  2. Insertion: linea aspera of femur
  3. Action: thigh adduction + flexion

(thigh external rotation and pelvis stabilization)

all the adductor muscles are the same

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50
Q

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A

Adductor brevis

  1. Origin: body of pubis
  2. Insertion: linea aspera of femur
  3. Action: thigh adduction + flexion

(thigh external rotation and pelvis stabilization)

all the adductor muscles are the same

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51
Q

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A

Adductor magnus

  1. Origin:
    - adductor part: inferior pubic ramus, ischial ramus
    - ischiocondylar part: ischial tuberosity
  2. Insertion:
    - adductor part: linea aspera of femur
    - ischiocondylar part: tubercle of femur
  3. Action: thigh adduction and flexion (adductor part) and thigh exension (hamstring part)

(thigh external and internal rotation + pelvis stabilization)

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52
Q

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A

Pectineus

  1. Origin: superior pubic ramus
  2. Insertion: pectineal line of femur + linea aspera of femur
  3. Action: thigh adduction + flexion

(thigh external/internal rotation + pelvis stabilization)

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53
Q

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A

Tibialis anterior

  1. Origin: lateral surface of tibia
  2. Insertion: medial aspect of tarsal and metatarsal bone
  3. Action: foot dorsiflexion and inversion
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54
Q

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A

Extensor hallucis longus

  1. Origin: medial surface of fibula
  2. Insertion: dorsal aspect of phalanx of great toe
  3. Action: toe extension

(dorsiflexion)

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55
Q

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Extensor digitorum longus

  1. Origin: medial surface of fibula and lateral tibial condyle
  2. Insertion: dorsal aspect of phalanges 2-5
  3. Action: toe extension 2-5

(foot dorsiflexion and eversion)

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56
Q

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A

Fibularis (peroneus) longus

  1. Origin: head of fibula
  2. Insertion: tarsal and metatarsal bone
  3. Action: foot plantar flexion

(foot eversion)

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57
Q

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A

Fibularis (peroneus) brevis

  1. Origin: lateral surface of fibula
  2. Insertion: metatarsal bone 5
  3. Action: foot plantar flexion

(foot eversion)

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58
Q

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A

Gastrocnemius

  1. Origin:
    - lateral head: posterior aspect of lateral femoral condyle
    - medial head: posterior aspect of medial femoral condyle
  2. Insertion: posterior aspect of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
  3. Action: foot plantar flexion + leg flexion
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59
Q

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A

Soleus

  1. Origin: soleal line and posterior aspect of proximal fibula
  2. Insertion: posterior aspect of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
  3. Action: foot plantar flexion
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60
Q

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A

Tibialis posterior

  1. Origin: posterior aspect of tibia and fibula
  2. Insertion: medial-plantar aspect of tarsal and metatarsal bones
  3. Action: foot plantar flexion

(foot inversion)

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61
Q

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A

Popliteus

  1. Origin: lateral condyle of femur
  2. Insertion: posterior surface of proximal tibia
  3. Action: unlocks knee joint + knee joint stabilization
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62
Q

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Flexor digitorum longus

  1. Origin: posterior aspect of tibia
  2. Insertion: plantar aspect of digits 2-5
  3. Action: toe flexion

(foot plantar flexion and foot inversion)

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63
Q

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A

Flexor hallucis longus

  1. Origin: posterior surface of fibula
  2. Insertion: plantar aspect of phalanx of big toe
  3. Action: big toe flexion

(plantar flexion and foot inversion)

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64
Q

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A

Gracilis

  1. Origin: body of pubis
  2. Insertion: medial surface of tibia
  3. Action: thigh flexion + adduction

(leg flexion and internal rotation)

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65
Q

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A

Rectus femoris

  1. Origin: anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)
  2. Insertion: tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
  3. Action: thigh flexion and leg extension
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66
Q

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A

Vastus lateralis

  1. Origin: greater trochanter of femur
  2. Insertion: tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
  3. Action: leg extension
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67
Q

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A

Vastus intermedius

  1. Origin: anterior aspect of femoral shaft
  2. Insertion: tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon
  3. Action: leg extension
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68
Q

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A

Vastus medialis

  1. Origin: Intertrochanteric line of femur
  2. Insertion: tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon
  3. Action: leg extension
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69
Q

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Sartorius

  1. Origin: anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)
  2. Insertion: proximal end of tibia
  3. Action: thigh flexion + abduction or leg flexion

(thigh external rotation or leg internal rotation)

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70
Q

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Biceps femoris

  1. Origin:
    - long head: ischial tuberosity
    - short head: linea aspera of femur
  2. Insertion: head of fibula
  3. Action: thigh extension and leg flexion

(thigh external rotation + leg external rotation)

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71
Q

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A

Semitendinosus

  1. Origin: ischial tuberosity
  2. Insertion: proximal end of medial condyle of tibia
  3. Action: thigh extension + leg flexion

(thigh internal rotation and leg internal rotation)

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72
Q

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A

Semimembranosus

  1. Origin: ischial tuberosity
  2. Insertion: medial condyle of tibia
  3. Action: leg flexion

(internal rotation of leg and stabilizes pelvis)

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73
Q

Name

A

Occipitofrontalis

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74
Q

Name

A

Corrugator supercilii

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75
Q

Name

A

Nasalis

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76
Q

Name

A

Levator labii superioris

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77
Q

Name

A

Depressor labii inferioris

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78
Q

Name

A

Depressor angulus oris

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79
Q

Name

A

Zygomaticus major

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80
Q

Name

A

Orbicularis oris

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81
Q

Name

A

Orbicularis oculi

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82
Q

Name

A

Buccinator

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83
Q

Name

A

Risorius

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84
Q

Name

A

Mentalis

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85
Q

Name

A

Superior rectus

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86
Q

Name

A

Inferior rectus

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87
Q

Name

A

Lateral rectus

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88
Q

Name

A

Medial rectus

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89
Q

Name

A

Inferior oblique

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90
Q

Name

A

Superior oblique

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91
Q

Name

A

Levator palpabrae superioris

92
Q

Name

A

Masseter

93
Q

Name

A

Temporalis

94
Q

Name

A

Lateral pterygoid

95
Q

Name

A

Medial pterygoid

96
Q

Name

A

Sternocleidomastoid

97
Q

Name

A

Semispinalis capitis

98
Q

Name

A

Splenius capitis

99
Q

Name

A

Longissimus capitis

100
Q

Name

A

External oblique

101
Q

Name

A

Linea albea

102
Q

Name

A

Rectus abdominis

103
Q

Name

A

Transverse abdominis

104
Q

Name

A

Internal oblique

105
Q

Name

A

Quadratus lumborum

106
Q

Name

A

Central sulcus

107
Q

Name

A

Postcentral gyrus

108
Q

Name

A

Precentral gyrus

109
Q

Name

A

Parieto-occipital sulcus

110
Q

Name

A

Lateral sulcus

111
Q

Name

A

Corpus callosum

112
Q

Name

A

Longitudinal fissure

113
Q

Name (gray matter only)

A

Cerebral cortex

114
Q

Name the cortex located here within the precentral gyrus

A

Primary motor cortex

115
Q

Name the cortex located here within the post-central gyrus

A

Primary somatosensory cortex

116
Q

Name

A

Cingulate gyrus

117
Q

Name

A

Primary visual cortex

118
Q

Name

A

Midbrain

119
Q

Name

A

Tectum

120
Q

Name

A

Tegmentum

121
Q

Name

A

Inferior colliculus

122
Q

Name

A

Superior colliculus

123
Q

Name

A

Pons

124
Q

Name

A

Medulla

125
Q

Name

A

Thalamus

126
Q

Name

A

Hypothalamus

127
Q

Name

A

Frontal lobe

128
Q

Name

A

Parietal lobe

129
Q

Name

A

Temporal lobe

130
Q

Name

A

Occipital lobe

131
Q

Name

A

Insula lobe

132
Q

Oh, Oh, Oh, To Touch And Feel Very Good Velvet, such A Heaven

Name

A

Olfactory nerve (CNI)

133
Q

Oh, Oh, Oh, To Touch And Feel Very Good Velvet, such A Heaven

Name

A

Optic nerve (CNII)

134
Q

Oh, Oh, Oh, To Touch And Feel Very Good Velvet, such A Heaven

Name

A

Oculomotor nerve (CNIII)

135
Q

Oh, Oh, Oh, To Touch And Feel Very Good Velvet, such A Heaven

Name

A

Trochlear nerve (CNIV)

136
Q

Oh, Oh, Oh, To Touch And Feel Very Good Velvet, such A Heaven

Name

A

Trigeminal nerve (CNV)

137
Q

Oh, Oh, Oh, To Touch And Feel Very Good Velvet, such A Heaven

Name

A

Abducens nerve (CNVI)

138
Q

Oh, Oh, Oh, To Touch And Feel Very Good Velvet, such A Heaven

Name

A

Facial nerve (CNVII)

139
Q

Oh, Oh, Oh, To Touch And Feel Very Good Velvet, such A Heaven

Name

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve (CNVIII)

140
Q

Oh, Oh, Oh, To Touch And Feel Very Good Velvet, such A Heaven

Name

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve (CNIX)

141
Q

Oh, Oh, Oh, To Touch And Feel Very Good Velvet, such A Heaven

Name

A

Vagus nerve (CNX)

142
Q

Oh, Oh, Oh, To Touch And Feel Very Good Velvet, such A Heaven

Name

A

Accessory nerve (CNXI)

143
Q

Oh, Oh, Oh, To Touch And Feel Very Good Velvet, such A Heaven

Name

A

Hypoglossal nerve (CNXII)

144
Q

Name

A

Posterior horns of the spinal cord

145
Q

Name

A

Anterior horns of the spinal cord

146
Q

Name

A

Posterior and anterior roots of the spinal cord

147
Q

Name

A

Dorsal root ganglia (DRG)

148
Q

Name

A

Central canal

149
Q

Name all the “tracts”

A

Funiculi

150
Q

Name

A

Filum terminale

151
Q

Name

A

Conus medularis

152
Q

Name

A

Brachial plexus

153
Q

Name

A

Lumbar plexus

154
Q

Name

A

Choroid plexus of the third ventricle

155
Q

Name

A

Lateral ventricles (left and right)

156
Q

Name

A

Cerebral aqueduct

157
Q

Name

A

Third ventricle

158
Q

Name

A

Fourth ventricle

159
Q

Name

A

Superior sagittal dural sinus

160
Q

Name

A

Straight dural sinus

161
Q

Name

A

Pineal gland

162
Q

Name

A

Fornix

163
Q

Name

A

Cauda equina

164
Q

Name

A

Axillary nerve of the brachial plexus

165
Q

Name

A

Musculocutaneous nerve of the brachial plexus

166
Q

Name

A

Radial nerve of the brachial plexus

167
Q

Name

A

Medial nerve of the brachial plexus

168
Q

Name

A

Ulnar nerve of the brachial plexus

169
Q

Name

A

Femoral nerve of the lumbosacral plexus

170
Q

Name

A

Sciatic nerve of the lumbosacral plexus

171
Q

Name

A

Tibial nerve of the lumbosacral plexus

172
Q

Name

A

Fibular nerve of the lumbosacral plexus

173
Q

Name

A

Dura mater

174
Q

Name

A

Arachnoid mater

175
Q

Name

A

Pia mater

176
Q

Name

A

Subarachnoid space

177
Q

Name

A

Epidural space

178
Q

Name

A

Palpebral conjuctiva

179
Q

Name

A

Lacrimal gland

180
Q

Name

A

Cornea

181
Q

Name

A

Sclera

182
Q

Name

A

Choroid

183
Q

Name

A

Retina

184
Q

Name

A

Fovea centralis

185
Q

Name

A

Optic nerve

186
Q

Name

A

Virtreous chamber (humor)

187
Q

Name

A

Suspensory ligaments

188
Q

Name

A

Lens

189
Q

Name

A

Iris

190
Q

Name

A

Pupil

191
Q

Name the cavity that is found between the cornea and iris

A

Anterior cavity

192
Q

Name

A

Ciliary body

193
Q

Name the cavity between the iris and the lens

A

Posterior cavity

194
Q

Name

A

Optic disc

195
Q

Name

A

Tunica fibrosa

196
Q

Name the red tunic layer

A

Tunica vasculosa

197
Q

Name

A

Tunica interna

198
Q

Identify the circumvallate papillae

A

Circumvallate papillae

199
Q

Identify the foliate papillae or the lateral edges

A

Foliate papillae

200
Q

Identify the fungiform papillae

A

Fungiform papillae

201
Q

What is the outer ear called?

A

Auricle

202
Q

Identify the external auditory canal or ear canal

A

Ear canal

203
Q

Identify the tympanic membrane

A

Tympanic membrane

204
Q

Identify the tympanic cavity

A

Tympanic cavity

205
Q

Identify the malleus

A

Malleus

206
Q

Identify the incus

A

Incus

207
Q

Identify the stapes

A

Stapes

208
Q

Identify the Eustachian tube

A

Eustachian tube

209
Q

Identify the oval window

A

Oval window

210
Q

Identify the round window

A

Round window

211
Q

Identify the vestibular nerve

A

Vestibular nerve

212
Q

Identify the cochlear nerve

A

Cochlear nerve

213
Q

Name

A

Semicircular canals

214
Q

Name

A

Hair cells

215
Q

Name

A

Endolymph

216
Q

Name

A

Membranous labryrinth

217
Q

Name

A

Vestibule

218
Q

Name

A

Saccule

219
Q

Name

A

Perilymph

220
Q

Name

A

Osseous labyrinth

221
Q

Name

A

Basilar membrane

222
Q

Name

A

Cochlear duct

223
Q

Name the space between the scala vestibuli and scala tympani

A

Spiral organ (Organ of Corti)

224
Q

Name

A

Scala tympani

225
Q

Name

A

Scala vestibuli