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Final Lab & Lecture Exam > Lab Exam (Bone & Muscle) > Flashcards

Lab Exam (Bone & Muscle) Flashcards

1
Q

Name the sharp process at the distal end of the radius?

A

Styloid process

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2
Q

Name the bone of the forearm involved in the formation of the elbow joint?

A

Ulnar

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3
Q

Name the lateral bone of the leg?

A

Fibula

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4
Q

Name the deep socket in the coxal bone that articulates with the femur?

A

Acetabulum

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5
Q

Name the point of attachment of the patellar ligament?

A

Tibial tuberosity

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6
Q

Name the tarsal bone that sits on the calcaneus?

A

Talus

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7
Q

Name the joint where the coxal (pubic) bones articulate anteriorly?

A

Pubis symphysis

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8
Q

Name the distal condyle of the humerus that articulates with the ulnar?

A

Trochlea

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9
Q

Name the lateral bone of the forearm?

A

Radius

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10
Q

Name the bones that form the instep of the foot?

A

Metatarsals

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11
Q

Name the membrane that lines the medullary cavity?

A

Endosteum

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12
Q

The two ends of a long bone are known as?

A

Epiphysis

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13
Q

Osteocytes are found in little cavities known as?

A

Lacunae

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14
Q

Name one place that contain short bones?

A

Carpals or Tarsals

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15
Q

The cribiform plate allows fibers of this cranial nerve to enter the skull (name & number)?

A

Olfactory (I)

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16
Q

The dura mater attaches to this ethmoid bone structure?

A

Crista galli

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17
Q

These openings allow the spinal nerves to exit the spinal cord?

A

Intervertebral foramina

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18
Q

Name the weight-bearing portion of the vertebrae?

A

Body of vertebrae

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19
Q

Explain the disorder kyphosis?

A

Hunch back

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20
Q

Ribs 8-10, that attach to the sternum via their costal cartilages, are known as?

A

Vertebral chondral

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21
Q

A.flexes the elbow, supinates forearm
O. Supraglenoid tubercle, coracoid process
I. Radial tuberosity
N. musculocutaneous nerve

A

Biceps Brachii

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22
Q

A. extends the elbow
O. Infraglenoid tubercule and diaphysis
I. Olecranon process
N. radial nerve

A

Triceps brachii

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23
Q

What are the bones of the skull?

A 
Sphenoid bone            Vomer bone
Ethmoid bone               Maxilla
Zygomatic bone           Mandible
Palatine bone                Inferior nasal concha
Lacrimal bone
Nasal bone
Temporal bone
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24
Q

What are the cavities of the skull?

A

Orbit
Nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses
Oral cavity

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25
Q

What are the four curvatures of the vertebral column?

A

Cervical curvature
Thoracic curvature
Lumbar curvature
Sacral curvature

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26
Q

Lateral curvatures in the vertebral column that give it a C or S shape when viewed from posterior or anterior side

A

Scoliosis

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27
Q

Exaggerated cervical and lumbar curvatures (normally seen in pregnant women bearing extra abdominal weight)

A

Lordosis

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28
Q

The thoracic curvature is exaggerated giving a hunchback appearance (arthritis, osteoporosis, vertebral fractures, etc)

A

Kyphosis

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29
Q

The first cervical vertebra

A

Atlas

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30
Q

The second cervical vertebra, which contains the dens

A

Axis

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31
Q

What’s the difference between the bodies of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae?

A

Cervical- small and oval
Thoracic- larger and heart shaped
Lumbar- largest and kidney shaped

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32
Q

What are the six cranial bones?

A 
Parietal
Ethmoid 
Sphenoid
Temporal
Occipital 
Frontal
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33
Q

What are the facial bones?

A 
Vomer
Inferior nasal concha
Nasal
Mandible
Maxilla
Palatine
Zygomatic
Lacrimal
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34
Q

What are the bones of the orbit?

A 
Ethmoid 
Sphenoid 
Frontal
Lacrimal
Zygomatic
Palatine 
Maxilla
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35
Q

What are the bones of the paranasal sinuses?

A

Frontal
Ethmoid
Sphenoid
Maxilla

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36
Q

What’s the number of each type of vertebrae?

A

7 cervical
12 thoracic
5 lumbar

37
Q

List the three parts of the sternum (breastbone)?

A

Manubrium
Body
Xiphoid process

38
Q

Rib cage (12 ribs)
Costal cartilages
Intercostal spaces

A

Ribs

39
Q

Ribs 1-7 are true ribs

Ribs 8-12 are false ribs

Ribs 11 & 12 are floating ribs (no attached to the sternum)

A

Ribs

40
Q

What are the bones of the pectoral girdle?

A

Clavicle and scapula

41
Q

What are the bones of the upper limb?

A 
Humerus
Radius
Ulna
Carpals
Metacarpals
Phalanges
42
Q

What are the bones of the lower limb?

A 
Femur
Tibia
Fibula 
Patellar
Tarsals
Metatarsals 
Phalanges
43
Q

What are the bones of the pelvic girdle?

A

Pelvic bone

  • ilium
  • pubis
  • ischium

Sacrum

44
Q

Where two bones connect or contact

A

Articulation or joints

45
Q

What are the three important functions of joints?

A

Enable movement
Provide stability
Allow long bones to lengthen

46
Q

A.closes and protrudes lips
O. maxilla & mandible
I. skin & tissue of lips
N. facial nerve

A

obicularis oris

47
Q

A.elevates the mandible
O. zygomatic arch
I. ramus of mandible (lateral)
N. mandibular nerve

A

masseter

48
Q

A. flex head
I. mastoid process (Temporal bone)
O. manubrium and medial clavicle
N. Accessory nerve

A

sternocleidomastoid

49
Q

A. causing inspiration (inhalation)
O. xiphoid process (sternum), lower ribs, costal & lumbar cartilages
I. central tendon of diaphragm
N. phrenic nerve

A

diaphragm

50
Q

A. flexes the trunk
O. superior pubic bones
I. costal cartilages of lower ribs
N. ventral rami of lower thoracic nerves

A

rectus abdominus

51
Q

A. flexes and adducts the arm
O. medial clavicle, sternum, costal cartilages 1-7
I.greater tubercle and lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus
N. medial and lateral pectoral nerves

A

pectoralis major

52
Q

A. adducts and extends the arm
O. illiac crest, spinous processes of lower thoracic and all lumbar vertebrae
I. floor of intertubercular sulcus of the humerus
N. thoracodorsal nerve

A

latissimus dorsi

53
Q

A. abducts the arm
O. acromion and spine of scapula; lateral clavicle
I. deltoid tuberosity of humerus
N. axillary nerve

A

deltoid

54
Q

A. extends the head and elevates the scapula
I. Lateral portion of clavicle
N. Accessory nerve
O. External occipital protuberance and cervical vertebrae

A

trapezius

55
Q

A. laterally rotates the humerus
O. Infraspinous fossa of scapula
I. Greater tubercle of the humerus
N. Suprascapular nerve

A

Infraspinatus

55
Q

Does not allow any movement between articulating bones

A

Synarthrosis

57
Q

A. Assists abduction
O. Supraspinous fossa of scapula
I. Greater tubercle of humerus
N. Suprascapular nerve

A

Supraspinatus

58
Q

A. Adducts,extends, and rotates arm medially
O. Posterior, lateral border of scapula
I. Greater tubercle of humerus
N. Axillary nerve

A

Teres minor

59
Q

A. Adducts and rotates the humerus medially
O. Subscapular fossa of
I. Lesser tubercle of humerus
N. Subscapular nerves

A

Subscapularis

60
Q

A. (pinky) flexes wrist, adducts hand
O. Medial chondyle of humerus, medial olecranon process of ulna
I. Pisiform, hamate, fifth metacarpal
N. Ulnar nerve

A

Flexor carpi ulnaris

61
Q

A. extends the knee, flexes the thigh
O. Anterior inferior iliac spine, superior margin of acetabulum
I. Patellar and tibial tuberosity
N. Femoral nerve

A

Rectus femoris

62
Q

A. extends the thigh, laterally rotates the thigh, and abducts the thigh
I. Gluteal tuberosity of femur
O. Posterior and lateral portions of the ilium, sacrum, and coccyx
N. Inferior gluteal nerve

A

Gluteus maximus

63
Q

A. Dorsiflexes the foot
I. medial cuneiform and first metatarsal
O. lateral chondyle and proximal dyaphysis of tibia
N. Deep fibular nerve

A

Tibialis anterior

64
Q

A. Plantarflexes the foot
I. Posterior surface of calcaneus
O. Medial and lateral chondyles of the femur
N. Tibial nerve

A

Gastrocnemius

64
Q

Moves a body part toward the midline

A

Adduction

65
Q

The sesamoid bone that articulates with the distal end of the femoris?

A

Patellar

66
Q

Moves body part away from the midline

A

Abduction

67
Q

Decreases the angle between two bones

A

Flexion

68
Q

Increases the angle between two bones

A

Extension

69
Q

Turning of a bone along its own longitudinal axis

A

Rotation

70
Q

Movement of a bone in a cone shaped radius (circular motion)

A

Circumduction

71
Q

Movement of the foot and the ankle toward the leg

A

Dorsiflexion

72
Q

Movement of the foot and ankle away from the leg

A

Plantarflexion

73
Q

Movement of body part in a superior direction

A

Elevation

74
Q

Movement of a body part in an inferior direction

A

Depression

75
Q

Allows only a small amount of movement between articulating bones

A

Amphiarthrosis

76
Q

Is freely moveable, allowing a wide variety of specific movement

A

Diarthrosis

77
Q

What passes through the jugular foramen?

A

Jugular vein, glossopharyngeal nerve, accessory nerve, and vagus nerve

78
Q

What passes through the foramen ovale?

A

Mandibular nerve, trigeminal nerve, accessory meningeal artery

79
Q

What passes through the foramen spinosum?

A

Middle meningeal vein, middle meningeal artery, meningeal branch of mandibular nerve

80
Q

What passes through the foramen rotundum?

A

Maxillary branch of trigeminal nerve

81
Q

What passes through the foramen lacerum?

A

The artery and nerve pytergoid canal, venous drainage

82
Q

What passes through the carotid canal?

A

Carotid artery

83
Q

What passes through the hypoglossal canal?

A

Hypoglossal nerve

84
Q

What passes through the mandibular nerve?

A

Inferior alveolar vein and artery

85
Q

What passes through the mental foramen?

A

Mental nerve

86
Q

What passes through the incisive foramen?

A

Blood vessels and nerves

87
Q

What passes through the supraorbital foramen?

A

Supraorbital nerve

88
Q

What passes through the foramen magnum?

A

Spinal chord

Final Lab & Lecture Exam (3 decks)

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