Lab Exam 3 Flashcards
(125 cards)
1
Q
What Subphyla make up Phylum Chordata
A
Subphylum Urochordata
Subphylum Celphalocordata
Subphylum Vertebrata
2
Q
What class is found in Phylum Hemichordata
A
Class Enteropneusta
3
Q
List the 5 features of a Cordate
A
- Post anal tail
- Dorsal, hollow nerve cord
- Notochord
- Pharyngeal gill slits
- Endostyle or Thyroid
4
Q
What is the advantage of a post anal tail
A
provides motility for free swimming a propulsion through the water
5
Q
What is the advantage of a Dorsal, hollow nerve cord
A
The anterior end is enlarged and forms a brain
6
Q
What is the advantage of pharyngeal gill slits
A
They improve efficiency of gas transfer between blood and the water outside
7
Q
What is the advantage of a notochord
A
It provides a rigid structure for (swimming) muscle attachment
8
Q
List the major subgroups of Chordates
A
- Craniates
- Vertebrates
- Gnathostomes (jawed fish)
- Tetrapods
- Amniotes
- Mammals
9
Q
Identify this “fish” and its Subphylum
label the chordate features on the picture
A
Branchiostoma
(Lancelet)
Subphylum Cephalochordata
10
Q
Lable these parts
A
11
Q
What is the Genus name for this acorn worm and to what class and phylum does it belong
A
Phylum Hemichordata
Class Enteropneusta
Saccoglossus
12
Q
What is the Genus name for this tunicate and to what subphylum and phylum does it belong
A
Phylum Chordata
Subphylum Urochordata
Stylela
13
Q
What is the Genus name for this lancelet and to what phylum and subphylum does it belong
A
Phylum Chordata
Subphylum Cephalochordata
Branchiostoma
14
Q
List the phylum, subphylum, superclass and class that this hagfish belongs to
A
Phylum Chordata
Subphylum Vertebrata
Superclass Agnatha
Class Myxini
15
Q
List the phylum, subphylum, superclass and class that this lamprey belongs to
A
Phylum Chordata
Subphylum Vertebrata
Superclass Agnatha
Class Petromyzontida
16
Q
List the Phylum, Subphylum, Superclass, and Class of this skate
What other “fish” can be found in these taxa
A
Phylum Chordata
Subphylum Vertebrata
Superclass Gnathostomata
Class Chondrichthyes
Sharks and Rays are also found in these taxa
17
Q
List the Phylum, Subphylum, Superclass, and Class of this perch
What is its Genus name
What other “fish” can be found in these taxa
A
Phylum Chordata
Subphylum Vertebrata
Superclass Gnathostomata
Class Actinopterygii
Genus Perca
Bass and Sunfish are also found in these taxa
18
Q
List the Phylum, Subphylum, Superclass and Class of this salamander
What other animals belong to these taxa
A
Phylum Chordata
Subphylum Vertebrata
Superclass Gnathostomata
Class Amphibia
Other amphibians such as frogs, toads and newts belong to these taxa
19
Q
A
20
Q
A
21
Q
A
22
Q
label this structure and its function
A
Tympanum is an eardrum that transmits vibrations
23
Q
A
24
Q
A
25
Label the parts on this male dogfish shark
26
27
Fill in the blanks
28
Locate the heat sensing pit on this snake and explain their function
Located between their eyes and nostrils are heat pits. They are sensitive to heat emitted by warm-bodied birds and mammals to assist in prey capture.
29
locate and describe the scutes on this turtle
Scutes are keratin plates that make up a turtle shell and are shed as the turtle and its shell grows
30
Describe the carapace and plastron of a turtle shell
Carapace: The upper part of a turtle shell
Plastron: The lower part of a turtle shell or underside (belly)
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
label these feather parts
1. Vane
2. Rachis
3. Barbs
4. Calamus
38
What are the three types of feathers
1. **Remiges** (flight feathers) - Long and stiff feathers that are used in flight
2. **Coverts** (contour feathers) - Shorter contour feathers that "cover" the gaps between the remiges
3. **Down** - less organized, short and lie under the contour feathers
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
locate the Crop, lungs and trachea of this pigeon
47
Label the pectoralis
The pectoralis muscle is #12 and it is the thick muscle tissue that is cut through and removed to see the internal organs when dissecting the pigeon
48
Label these two regions and identify the structure and its function that separates the them
Thoracic cavity and Abdominal cavity are separated by the Diaphragm. The diaphragm is a muscle that not only separates these two regions but as it contracts it increases the volume of the thoracic cavity and draws air into the lungs.
49
What important structures are located within the thoracic cavity in the rabbit (or other mammals)
Trachea
Heart
Lungs
50
51
52
What three elements compose the mammalian skull
1. Cranium - houses the brain
2. Mandible - lower jaw
3. Face
53
What tooth types are present in mammals
Incisors
Canines
Premolars
Molars
54
instrument used for taking mesurements
Vernier calipers
55
key that is used in identifying species
Dichotomous key
56
What are some unique characteristics of mammals
* mammary glands
* hair
* 3 middle ear ossicles
* diaphragm muscle
* vivipary (live birth)
57
What dermal feature does this mammal possess and what is its function
Pelage (hair) acts as an insulator to retain body heat
58
Mammalian hair that grows continuously
angora
59
Hair that only grows to a certain length and then stops growing
definitive hair
60
long stiff hairs that a well innervated at the base and function as tactile receptors
Vibrissae
61
Hair that functions primarily in protection
Guard hairs
62
What are the three types of gaurd hairs and their functions
**Awns** - Hairs with definitive growth and covers the body of most mammals. They function in protection
**Bristles -** Long hair with angora growth that function in protection
**Spines** - Hairs that a specialized in defense. They are babed and have definitive growth.
63
What type of gaurd hair makes up the lions mane
**Bristles** - they are long hairs with angora growth (continuos growth) and they function in protection
64
What type of gaurd hair is found on a porcupine
**Spines** - barbed definitive hairs that are specialized for defense
65
What type of gaurd hair covers this dog
Awns - definitive hairs that cover the bodies of most mammals
66
What two pigments determine the color of hair on mammals
Pheomelanin (reds and yellows)
Eumelanin (blacks and browns)
\*white hair is due to lack of pigment
67
Conceals an individual from potential preditors; allows a prey species to blend in with its surroundings
Cryptic coloration
68
Sharply contrasting patters of light and dark colors. These patterns allow an animal to blend into patterns of light and dark caused by sunlight penetrating the vegetation
Disruptive coloration
69
When the dorsum is dark and the ventral surface is light. When viewed from above, an individual blends in with the ground and when viewed from below they blend more with the sky.
Countershading
70
Unbranched and permanent these structures arise from the fontal bone and they may be found on both male and female
True horns
71
These horns have same basic structure as true horns but they have sheaths that are pronged (one small anterior branch) and the epidermal sheath is shed annually
Pronghorns
72
These structures occur on all males (with a few exceptions) as well as female reindeer and caribou. They are typically branched and shed annually.
Antlers
73
Fill in the blanks for these feather types
74
A. Barb
B. Rachis
75
1) To what Subclass does this organism belong?
2) To what Order does this organism belong?
3) Identify the indicated structure. Be specific.
1. Subclass Actinopterygii
2. Perciformes**?**
3. Pectoral fin
76
4) To what Superclass does this specimen belong?
5) To what Subclass does this specimen belong?
6) Is a diaphragm muscle present in this animal?
4. Superclass Gnathostomata
5. Subclass Theria
6. Yes
77
11) Identify structure “A”
12) Identify structure “B”
13) Identify structure “C”
11. Triceps femoris (A)
12. Sartorius (B)
13. Gastrocnemius (C)
78
14) To what Class does this organism belong?
15) To what Order does this organism belong?
16) Identify structure "A."
14. Class Reptilia
15. Testudines
16. Plastron
79
17) To what Class does this organism belong?
18) To what Order does this organism belong?
17. Class Amphibia
18. Order Caudata
80
19) To what Phylum does this organism belong?
20) To what Subphylum does this organism belong?
21) How does this animal feed?
19. Phylum Chordata
20. Subphylum Urochordata
21. They are filter feeders
81
22) Identify structure “A”
23) Identify structure “B”
24) Identify structure “C”
25) Identify structure “D”
22. Scapula (A)
23. Urostyle (B)
24. Humerus (C)
25. Phalanges (D)
82
26) What type of feather is shown below? Be specific.
27) What is the structure indicated with the arrow?
26. Remige (flight feather)
27. Rachis
83
28) To what Phylum does this organism belong?
29) To what Subphylum does this organism belong?
28. Phylum Chordata
29. Subphylum Cephalochordata
84
30) To what Subclass does this specimen belong?
31) To what Order does this specimen belong?
32) What types of hairs are indicated by the arrow?
Be specific.
30. Subclass Theria
31. Order Carnivora
32. Vibrissae (whiskers)
85
33) To what Superclass does this specimen belong?
34) To what Order does this specimen belong?
35) Name two defining features of this Class of animals?
33. Superclass Gnathostomata
34. Order Chiroptera
35. Diaphragm and hair
86
40) Is this animal oviparous, ovoviviparous or viviparous?
41) To what Order does this specimen belong?
42) Where is the pelage located on this animal?
40. Viviparous
41. Order Rodentia
42. The pelage is located all over the skin of the beaver
87
47) What structure helps this animal maintain its buoyancy?
Be specific.
48) How many chambers are in the heart of this organism?
47. Swim bladder
48. 2 chambers
88
50) Identify bone “A”
51) Identify bone “B”
52) Identify bone “C”
53) These bones are found in what Class of organisms?
50. Furcula (A)
51. Keel of sternum (B)
52. Caudal vertebrae (C)
53. Class Aves
89
54) To what Superclass does this organism belong?
55) To what Class does this organism belong?
56) To what Order does this specimen belong?
54. Superclass Gnathostomata
55. Class Amphibia
56. He specifically said we didnt need these orders so I didnt even look it up!
90
57) To what Class does this organism belong?
58) To what Subclass does this organism belong?
59) Identify structure “A”
60) Identify structure “B”
57. Class Condrichthyes
58. Subclass Elasmobranchii
59. Posterior dorsal fin
60. Pelvic fin
91
61) Identify structure “A”
62) Identify structure “B”
63) Identify structure “C”
61. Mylohyiod
62. Pectoralis
63. Rectus abdominus
92
68) To what Subphylum does this specimen belong?
69) To what Order does this specimen belong?
68. Subphylum Vertebrata
69. Order Lagomorpha
93
70) To what Superclass does this organism belong?
71) To what Class does this organism belong?
70. Superclass Agnatha
71. Class Petromyzontida
94
72) To what Superclass does this organism belong?
73) To what Class does this organism belong?
74) To what Order does this specimen belong?
75) What is the function of structure "A"?
72. Superclass Gnathostomata
73. Class Reptilia
74. Order Squamata
75. Heat sensing organ to aid in prey capture
95
76) What type of feather is indicated by “A”? Be specific.
77) What type of feather is indicated by “B”? Be specific.
76. Covert feather
77. Down feather
96
78) To what Phylum does this organism belong?
79) To what Class does this organism belong?
80) Does this organism have all of the chordate features?
If not, which features does it possess?
78. Phylum Hemichordata
79. Enteropneusta
80. No, only a dorsal hollow nerve cord and pharyngeal slits
97
81) To what Subphylum does this organism belong?
81. Subphylum Urochordata
98
82) To what Subclass does this organism belong?
83) Identify structure “A”
84) Identify structure “B”
85) Identify structure “C”
82. Subclass Elasmobranchii
83. Nostril
84. Gill slits
85. Caudal fin
99
86) Identify structure “A”
87) Identify structure “B”
88) Identify structure “C”
89) Identify structure “D”
86. Latissimus dorsi
87. Longissimus dorsi
88. External oblique
89. Triceps femoris
100
90) To what Infraclass does this specimen belong?
91) To what Order does this specimen belong?
90. Infraclass Eutheria
91. Order Artiodactyla
101
92) Identify the type of tooth indicated by the arrow. Be specific.
93) What is the dentition ratio for this specimen with regard to
this tooth type? Be specific.
92. Incisor
93. I 3/3
102
94) To what Superclass does this organism belong?
95) To what Class does this organism belong?
96) To what Order does this specimen belong?
94. Superclass Gnathostomata
95. Class Reptilia
97. Order Crocodilia
103
97) To what Subhylum does this organism belong?
98) To what Subclass does this organism belong?
99) To what Order does this specimen belong?
97. Subphylum Vertebrata
98. ***There is no subclass listed in our manual?***
99. ***Do not need to know orders just recognize for class***
104
100) To what Class does this specimen belong?
101) To what Order does this specimen belong?
102) Identify structure “A”. Be specific.
100. Class Mammalia
101. Order Artiodactyla
102. Antler
105
103) To what Subclass does this organism belong?
104) Identify structure “A”
103. Subclass Neopterygii
104. Operculum
106
105) To what Subclass does this organism belong?
106) Identify structure “A”
107) Identify structure “B”
108) Identify structure “C”
109) Identify structure “D”
105. Subclass Neopterygii
106. Stomach
107. Swim bladder
108. Gonad
109. Intestine
107
110) What is the function of structure 23?
110. Crop is used to temporarily store food
108
111) Identify structure “A”
112) Identify structure “B”
113) Identify structure “C”
111. Liver
112. Stomach
113. Fatbodies
109
114) To what Infraclass does this specimen belong?
115) To what Order does this specimen belong?
116) What type of growth does “A” exhibit? Be specific.
114. Infraclass Eutheria
115. Order Perissodactyla
116. Angora
110
111
Structure used for burrowing and detritus feeding in Phylum Hemichordata
Proboscis
112
As adults members of this Subphylum are sessile organisms that resemble a sponge but filter feed like a bivalve
Subphylum Urochordata
113
This Subphylum exhibits all 5 chordate characteristics as larva but retain only two of these characteristics into adult hood.
Subphylum Urochordata
114
Members of this Subphylum are sedentary but not sessile and they are suspension feeders
Subphylum Cephalochordata
115
Animals that lay eggs, with little or no other embryonic development within the mother. This is the reproductive method of most fish, amphibians, reptiles, and all birds
Oviparity
116
Mode of reproduction in animals in which embryos that develop inside eggs remain in the mother's body until they are ready to hatch. This method of reproduction is similar to viviparity, but the embryos have no placental connection with the mother and receive their nourishment from a yolk sac
Ovoviviparity
117
To give live birth
Viviparity
118
what type of skeleton is present in Class Condrichthyes
Cartilagenous skeletons
119
Tetrapods include what groups
All non fish vetebrates; land animals
Amphibia
Reptilia
Mammalia
Aves
120
What groups of vertebrates have only two chambered hearts
Agnatha (jawless fish)
Actinopterygii (Rayed fish)
Condrichthyes (sharks, skates and rays)
**All "fish"**
121
What vertebrates have a 3 chambered heart
Amphibia
Reptilia
122
What vertebrates have a 4 chambered heart
Mammailia
Aves
123
What groups make up the craniates
All vertebrates that we are responsible for knowing have skulls
Agnatha (jawless fish)
Chondrichthyes (sharks, skates, rays)
Actinopterygii (rayed fish)
Amphibia
Reptilia
Mammalia
Aves
124
What groups make up the amniotes
Reptilia
Mammalia
Aves
125
How do amphibians and reptilians differ
Amphibians are tied to the water by reproduction because they do not produce dry resistant eggs (amniotic eggs).
