Lab Exam 2 Flashcards
Porifera
Sponges
Cnidaria
Stinging Cells (Jellyfish, coral sea, anemone)
Platyhelmenthes
Flatworms (Tapeworm, fluke)
Nematoda
Roundworm (hookworm, heartworm, pinworm)
Molluska
Mollusk (class gastropoda, class bivalves, class cephalopods) (snails, slugs, oysters)
Annelida
Segmented worm (marine worm, earthworm, lug worm)
Arthropod
Arthropod (class, insecta, class crustacea, class arachnida, class diplopoda, class chilopoda)
Echinodermata
Spiny skin (Echinoderm) (sea star, brittle star, sea urchin),
chordata
Mainly vertebrates (fish, amphibians, reptiles, mammals)
3 domains
Archea, Bacteria, Eukarya
Biological Classification
Do Keep Privates Clean Or Forget Getting Sex
3 Eukaryotic kingdoms
Fungi, Plantae, Animalia
Analagous
exploit same env so have similar features
Phylogenetically Homologous
Come from common ancestor but now serve different feature
Forelimbs and hind limbs serve different function
Serial divergence
Tetrapod
four-footed animal
heterodont
various types of specialized teeth
Class Amphibia
larva form in water breathing with gills, adult form loose gills and become lung breathers
Class Reptilia
Scales, Feathers, bony plate, lay amniotic egg
Class Mammalia
Warm-blooded, hair, mammary glands
digitigrade
(of a mammal) walking on its toes and not touching the ground with its heels, as a dog, cat, or rodent.
Spruce
four-sided leaves, sharp-pointed
Pine
leaves in bundles of two to five
Fir
Needles don’t roll easy, single needles
Spruce
Needles roll btw fingers, single needles
Hemlock
Two tone upper and lower needle, short needles, flat
Mosse
small, simple, grow in areas of low light
Beech Drop
Parasitic
Ferns
shade tolerant, ferns reproduce by spores
Trout lily
beech drop
Trillium
Ragweed
axial skeleton
skull, vertebral column, rib cage
skull
cranium, mandible, facial bones
human specialization
large cranium, bipedal posture, highly manipulative hands
Skeleton functions
- surface area for muscle attachment
- moveable joints
- storage area for calcium and phosphate
- protect vital organs
- shape and support for soft internal organs
radial symmetry
animal’s body shows circular pattern around which a central axis with body parts tending to radiate from this axis
bilateral symmetry
right, left side and back and front (one plane of symmetry, down middle of body)
Chi-Square equation
x^2 = sum(observed - expected)^2/expected
sex-linked
gene found on X chromosomes
Mendel’s first law
Law of segregation: allele for each gene must segregate during meiosis
Mendel’s second law
Law of Independent Assortment: alleles of different genes assort independently of one another
Follicle
where oocyte are made
Ovary
where follicles are found
Seminiferous Tubules
big round balls where sperm is made
Interstitial cells
btw seminiferous tubules
Source of genetic var
crossover
independent assortmen
tetrad
group of two chromosomes or four chromatids
IPMAT
Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase
Interphase stages
G1, S, G2
S
cells duplicate DNA
G1, G2
copies of info is made (RNA transcription)