lab exam Flashcards
diffusion
movement of a solute particle from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
concentration gradient
a difference in the concentration of a substance across a distance.
osmosis
diffusion of water down its concentration gradient through a selectively permeable membrane
hypotonic
having a lower concentration of solute than another substance
hypertonic
having a higher concentration of solute than another substance
isotonic
having the same concentration as another substance
starch test
iodine turns black/blue/purple in the presence of starch
sugar test
benedict’s reagent turns green/yellow/orange/red/brown in the presence of sugar
chloride test
silver nitrate will contain a white precipitate in the presence of chloride
total magnification
objective lens*ocular lens
specimen length/width
calibrated value*number of ocular divisions
photosynthesis reaction
6CO2 + 6H2O + light -> C6H12O6 + 6O2
respiration reaction
C6H12O6 + 6O2 –> 6CO2 + H2O + ATP energy
bicarbonate indicator
turns yellow with more CO2 (more acidic) and turns purple with less CO2 (more basic)
colony characteristics
size, shape, margin, surface texture, elevation, colour
colony size
punctiform, small, medium, large
colony shape
round, irregular, filamentous, rhizoid, punctiform
colony margin
entire, lobate, scalloped, filiform, undulate, curled, serrate
colony texture
dry, smooth, viscous, mucoid
colony elevation
flat, raised, convex, pulvinate, umbonate, crateriform, draughtsmen
red algae
marine algae in which the chlorophyll is masked by a red or purplish pigment
green algae
photosynthetic protists that include unicellular, colonial, and multicellular species with grass green chloroplasts; closely related to true plants.
brown algae
one of a group of marine, multicellular, autotrophic protists, the most common type of seaweed.
holdfast
a rootlike structure that anchors a seaweed.
stipe
a stemlike structure of a seaweed
blades
leaflike structures of a seaweed
euglena
unicellular organism; moves using its flagella; asexual reproduction; have chloroplasts to absorb sunlight
paramecium
a ciliated (it propels itself via cilia) protist that lives in fresh water and eats other tiny organisms for food.
amoeba
a type of protist characterized by great flexibility and the presence of pseudopodia.
algae
plantlike protists
zygosporangium
sexual reproductive structure of zygomycota
rhizopus stolonifer
black bread mold
sporangium
multicellular organs that produce spores
ascocarp
in sac fungi, the reproductive structure in which haploid nuclei fuse to form a zygote
conidia
asexual fungi spores of Ascomycetes
basidiocarps
fruiting bodies where the basidiomycetes reproduce sexually
crustose
(of lichens) having a thin crusty thallus that adheres closely to the surface on which it is growing
fruticose
shrublike lichen
foliose
leaflike lichen
ectomycorrhizae
a type of mycorrhizae in which the mycelium forms a dense sheath, or mantle, over the surface of the root. Hyphae extend from the mantle into the soil, greatly increasing the surface area for water and mineral absorption.
endomycorrhizae
mycorrhizae that grow inside the root of the plant.
