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KN 230/232 (FALL '24) > LAB Exam 1 > Flashcards

LAB Exam 1 Flashcards

Content from Week 1

1
Q

How does the anatomical position look?

A

Body is erect (standing tall), feet are slightly apart, palms are facing forward with thumb pointing away from body.

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2
Q

What are the two regions of the body?

A

Axial and Appendicular

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3
Q

What parts of the body are in the axial region?

A

Head, Neck, and Trunk

Skull, Sternum, and Vertebra

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4
Q

What parts of the body are apart of the appendicular region?

A

Limbs (legs and arms)

Radius

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5
Q

What are the types of muscle tissues?

A
  1. Skeletal muscle tissue (looks like tilapia)
  2. Cardiac muscle tissue (looks like blocks with dots)
  3. Smooth muscle tissue (looks like lines “ropes” with dots)
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6
Q

What are the 4 types of tissues?

A
  1. Epithelium tissue
  2. Connective tissue
  3. Muscle tissue
  4. Nervous tissue
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7
Q

What are the types of connective tissues?

A
  1. Dense regular connective tissue (looks like candy strips that you can pull apart)
  2. Dense irregular connective tissue (looks like the inside of purple cabbage)
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8
Q

What is the function of dense regular connective tissue?

A

Attaches bone to bone (most ligaments) as well as muscles to bone (tendon); resists stress applied in one direction.

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9
Q

Where is the location of the dense regular connective tissue?

A

Tendons (attach muscle to bone); liagments (typically attach bone to bone)

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10
Q

What is the function of dense irregular connective tissue?

A

Withstands stresses applied in all direction; durable

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11
Q

What is the location of the dense irregular connective tissue?

A

Most of dermis of skin; periostenum covering bone; perichondrium covering cartilage, epinerium covering nerves, epimysium covering skeletal muscle, some organ capsules

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12
Q

What are the most important type of connective tissue?

A
  1. Bone (looks like cinnamon swirl bread)
  2. Blood (looks like a ton of spaced out ballons)
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13
Q

What is the function of skeleton muscle tissues?

A

Primarily responsible for moving skeleton and for thermoregulation (increase body temperature when muscles contract)

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14
Q

What is the function of cardiac muscle tissue?

A

Pump blood through heart and blood vessels

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15
Q

What is the function of smooth muscle tissue?

A

Moves an propels materials through internal organs; controls the size of the lumen

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16
Q

What does the ventral (anterior) body cavity cover?

A
  1. Thoratic Cavity
    * Pleural cavity: Lungs
    * Pericardial cavity: Heart
  2. Abdominopelvic Cavity
    * Abdominal (contains large intestine)
    * Pelvic

Front side (facing where your nose points towards)

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16
Q

What does dorsal (posterior) body cavity cover?

A
  1. Cranial Cavity - Brain
  2. Spinal Cavity - Spinal Cord

Back side (where your butt points towards)

17
Q

Where is the location of cardiac muscle tissue?

A

Heart wall (myocardium)

18
Q

Where is the location of the smooth muscle tissue?

A

Walls of hollow internal organs, such as intestines, stomach, airways, urinary bladder, uterus, and blood vessels; iris of the eye

19
Q

What is the function of nervous tissue?

A
  • The main component of the nervous system is regulating and controling body functions
  • Neurons receive, process, and transmit nerve impulses, whereas glial cells help protect, nourish, and support neurons
20
Q

Where is the nervous tissue located?

A

Brain, spinal cord, and nerves

21
Q

What are the neurons two type of cells composed of?

A
  • Neurons are specialized cells that have process that allow them to responf to stimuli (dendrites) and generate and conduct electrical impulses (axons)
  • Supporting cells are nonconduction cells that support, insulate, and protect the neurons
22
Q

What are the types of epithelium tissue?

A
  • Simple cuboidal epithelium
  • Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
  • Stratified cuboidal epithelium
  • Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
  • Simple squamous epithelium
23
Q

What is the function of the epithelium tissues?

A

Protection of underlying tissue from abrasion (epidermis of skin)

24
Q

Define oblique planes

A

A plane that cuts at a side angle rather than 180 degree

25
Q

What structure synthesizes ribosomes?

A

nucleolus

26
Q

What tissue is found in the linning of the kidney tubules?

A

Simple cuboidal epithelium

27
Q

What tissue is voluntary and resposible for thermoregulation?

A

Skeletal muscle tissue

28
Q

Which tissue is a liquid?

A

Blood

29
Q

Which of these options are located in the pericardial cavity?

  1. Skull
  2. Spinal cord
  3. Heart
  4. Lungs
A
  1. Lungs
30
Q

Which of the skin structure has an epithelial tissue?

A

Sebaceous glands

31
Q

What are the 9 regions of the abdominal area?

A
  1. Right hypochondriac - Epigastric region - Left hypochondriac
  2. Right lumbar - Umbilical region - Left lumbar
  3. Right iliac - Hypogastric region - Left iliac
32
Q

Which of the structures are the most superior in the body?

  1. Brain
  2. Heart
  3. Lungs
  4. Abdomen
A

Brain

33
Q

Which tissue moves materials through internal ogans and is under involuntary control?

A

Smooth muscle

34
Q

Which layer does not contain blood vessels?

A

epidermis

35
Q

Which tissue is composed of parallel collagen fibers and is found in tendons and ligaments?
1. Dense irregular
2. Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
3. Dense regular
4. Cardiac muscle

A

Dense regular

36
Q

Where is mRNA transcribed?

  1. nucleus
  2. mitochondria
  3. cytosol
  4. Golgi complex
A

nucleus

37
Q

Which of the structure is not a layer of the skin?

  1. epidermis
  2. dermis
  3. hypodermis
A

hypodermis

38
Q

Which layer is only found on the soles or the feet and palms of the hands?
1. Stratum corneum
2. Stratum lucidum
3. Stratum spinosum
4. Stratum basale

A

Stratum lucidum

39
Q

Which structure is involved in the detoxification of drugs and alcohols?

  1. Golgi
  2. RER
  3. SER
  4. Mitochondria
A

SER

KN 230/232 (FALL '24) (5 decks)

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