Lab Exam 1

Question 1

How many centimeters are in one meter?

Answer 1

100

Question 2

Liters and milliliters are the metric units used to measure?

Answer 2

Volume

Question 3

How many milliliters are in one liter?

Answer 3

1000

Question 4

The length of a table is 14.25 decimeters. How many meters is it?

Answer 4

1.425m

Question 5

Linear metric measurements (in order)

Answer 5

Millimeters (mm)
Centimeters (cm)
Decimeters (dm)
Meters (m)
Kilometers (km)

Question 6

Celsius to Fahrenheit conversion formula

Answer 6

C + 40, x1.8, -40= F

Question 7

Fahrenheit to Celsius conversion formula

Answer 7

F + 40, x5, /9, -40 = C

Question 8

What is the magnification of the ocular?

Answer 8

10x

Question 9

What is the TOTAL magnification when the low power objective is in the viewing position?

Answer 9

100x
(10x10=100)

Question 10

What effect does an increase in magnification have on the illumination of the field of view?

Answer 10

It dims it (gets darker)

Question 11

What knob do you never move when using the high power objective?

Answer 11

The course adjustment knob

Question 12

What part of the microscope is used to move the stage upward to allow for focusing with the scanner and low power objectives?

Answer 12

The course adjustment knob

Question 13

Name the objective lenses in order with their respective magnification power (then total w ocular)

Answer 13

Ocular (eyepiece)= 10x
Scanning objective= 4x (40x)
Low objective= 10x (100x)
High objective= 40x (400x)
Oil immersion= 100x (1000x)

Question 14

The streaming of the cytoplasm within a cell is referred to as?

Answer 14

Cyclosis

Question 15

When salt water is added to a fresh water plant, dehydration occurs via a process callled….?

Answer 15

Plasmolysis

Question 16

List two differences between plant and animal cells

Answer 16

-Plants have cell walls and are rectangular shape
-animal cells are round
-plant cells contain chloroplasts

Question 17

What are the round, green organelles found in aquatic plant cells?

Answer 17

Chloroplasts

Question 18

What is the function of the chloroplasts?

Answer 18

Produce energy through photosynthesis

Question 19

Define Diffusion

Answer 19

Molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration to achieve equilibrium

Question 20

Define osmosis

Answer 20

Passage of water from high to low concentration through a membrane

Question 21

What effect does temperature have on diffusion?

Answer 21

Higher temperatures = faster diffusion rate

Low temperatures = slower diffusion rate

Question 22

What effect does molecular weight have on the rate of diffusion?

Answer 22

Heavy molecular weight = slower rate of diffusion

Lighter molecular weight = faster rate of diffusion

Question 23

What are molecules trying to achieve by diffusion?

Answer 23

Equilibrium

Question 24

When CO2 dissolves in water it chemically combines with water to form….?

Answer 24

Carbonic acid

Question 25

What is mitosis?

Answer 25

When cells divide, results in two daughter cells that are identical to the original cell. It’s used for growth and repair in an organism

Question 26

What is meiosis and its function?

Answer 26

Sex cells divide to produce gametes (eggs or sperm) that function in reproduction of the whole organism. Results in daughter cells that contain one half the original number of chromosomes of the original cell.

Question 27

What is it called when a cell is NOT dividing?

Answer 27

Interphase (has a distinct nucleus)

Question 28

What are the four phases of mitosis in order?

Answer 28

Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Question 29

What are the two major events of cell division and their roles?

Answer 29

-NUCLEAR DIVISION (divided chromosomes into two groups) -CYTOKINESIS (division of the cytoplasm, resulting in two separate daughter cells)

Question 30

What part of the microscope moves the stage minutely for precise final focusing?

Answer 30

Fine adjustment knob

Question 31

Hypertonic

Answer 31

High solute concentration (salt water)

Question 32

Hypotonic

Answer 32

Low solute concentration (fresh water)

Question 33

Isotonic

Answer 33

Equal concentration

Question 34

What are prokaryotic cells?

Answer 34

Cells that lack a nuclear envelope and membranous cytoplasmic organelles (specialized structures in a cell) - smaller that eukaryotic cells and include only bacteria and Cyanobacteria

Question 35

What are eukaryotic cells?

Answer 35

Cells that have a nucleus enclosed by a nuclear envelope, possess many specialized organelles, and are larger than prokaryotic cells. -include cells of plants, animals, fungi, and protista

Question 36

What is the function of cytoplasm?

Answer 36

Suspends organelles and fills cell space

Question 37

Chromosomes/Chromatin purpose

Answer 37

Contains genetic code, composed of DNA molecules that control cell process

Question 38

Centrioles purpose

Answer 38

For microtubule system. Involved in cellular reproduction. (Absent in plant cells)

Question 39

Endoplasmic reticulum purpose

Answer 39

Produces Golgi apparatus

Question 40

Golgi apparatus purpose

Answer 40

Stores, modifies, and packages materials for export from cell, produces lysosomes

Question 41

Lysosomes

Answer 41

Contain strong digestive enzymes to break down materials

Question 42

Ribosomes purpose

Answer 42

Protein synthesis

Question 43

Mitochondria

Answer 43

Site of cellular respiration which releases energy as ATP

Question 44

What describes a plasma cell membranes ability to regulate what can go into and out of a cell?

Answer 44

Selective permeability

Question 45

What is filtration

Answer 45

Passage of material from high to low pressure through selectively permeable membrane based on size

Question 46

What specifically refers to the movement of water only?

Answer 46

Osmosis