Lab Exam 1

Question 1

Anatomy

Answer 1

The study of body structures

Question 2

Physiology

Answer 2

The study of how the body functions

Question 3

Disease

Answer 3

The failure to maintain homeostasis, malfunctioning of an organ/ organ system

Question 4

Homeostasis

Answer 4

The maintenance of internal body conditions within an acceptable range; necessary
for proper functioning of all organ systems

Question 5

What are the levels of organization in the human body from smallest to largest?

Answer 5

Chemical, organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organism

Question 6

Anatomical position

Answer 6

The reference position for anatomical directions; hands at sides with palms facing forward
and feet together; all joints (except ankles) fully extended

Question 7

Supine vs. Prone

Answer 7

Upward vs. Downward

Question 8

Superficial vs. Deep

Answer 8

Near the surface vs. Near the core

Question 9

Anterior vs. Posterior

Answer 9

Front vs. Back

Question 10

Ventral vs. Dorsal

Answer 10

Belly side vs. Back side

Question 11

Cephalic vs. Caudal

Answer 11

Toward the head vs. Toward the tail

Question 12

Medial vs. Lateral

Answer 12

Toward the midline vs. Away from the midline

Question 13

Proximal vs. Distal

Answer 13

Near an origin vs. Far from an origin

Question 14

Superior vs. Inferior

Answer 14

Above vs. Below

Question 15

Transverse plane

Answer 15

Separates inferior and superior

Question 16

Sagittal plane

Answer 16

Separates right and left regions

Question 17

Frontal (coronal plane)

Answer 17

Separates anterior and posterior regions

Question 18

Neural Cavity

Answer 18

– lined by meninges; 2 regions:
a) cranial cavity – enclosed by the skull; contains the brain
b) spinal cavity – enclosed by the vertebrae; contains the spinal cord

Question 19

Thoracic cavity

Answer 19

– enclosed by the ribcage; includes
a) pleural cavities (2) – each contains a lung
b) mediastinum – separates the pleural cavities, contains the esophagus, trachea, aorta,
and venae cavae
c) pericardial cavity – contains the heart