lab exam 1

Question 1

define what microorganisms are

Answer 1

living organisms that are too small to be observed using the naked eye

Question 2

compare and contrast the three domains of life

Answer 2

Eukarya: all members of this domain contain a distinct nucleus which is surrounded by a lipid membrane. some are macroscopic, others are microscopic. consist of fungi (yeasts and molds), protozoa, algae, and certain forms of helminths.

Archaea: does not contain a membrane-bound nucleus. unicellular, most are microscopic in nature. typically found in extreme environments, rarely cause clinical disease in humans

Bacteria: does not contain a membrane-bound nucleus. unicellular, most are microscopic. bacteria are beneficial to humans by participating in bioremediation

Question 3

compare and contrast the different types of microscopy, including the principles behind each

Answer 3

bright-field: initial investigation, larger details, stained or unstained

dark-field: unstained, living organisms

phase-contrast: living organisms and intracellular structures

fluorescence: diagnostics and research, lasers of different colors

electron: transmission or scanning, fine details, electrons instead of light

Question 4

describe the proper procedures for caring for, transporting, and storing a compound light microscope

Answer 4

stored in special cabinets at workstation, transported by gripping the arm with one hand and supporting the base of the microscope with the other hand. carried close to body. handle gently.

Question 5

describe the qualities of eukaryotic microorganisms

Answer 5

more complex. membrane-bound nucleus that contains most of the cell’s DNA

Question 6

compare and contrast characteristics of prokaryotes with those of eukaryotes

Question 7

define terminology used in the study of fungi

Question 8

list the properties of the growth medium used to grow the fungi in this exercise (2)

Question 9

describe why lactophenol cotton blue stain is used when viewing a fungal specimen under a microscope