Lab Data

Question 1

What are the cardiac biomarkers?

Answer 1

CK
Troponin
BNP

Question 2

What cardiac biomarkers help rule out CHF from an acute MI?

Answer 2

BNP<100 rules out possible CHF

Question 3

RBC range

Answer 3

4.2-6.2

Question 4

Lactate acid

Answer 4

0.4-2.3

Question 5

Levels of lactate acid are often associated with what?

Answer 5

tissue hypoxia/shock

Question 6

Hypoxemia levels on RA

Answer 6

mild:PaO2 60-79 torr
moderate: PaO2 40-59 torr
Severe: <40
While breathing Room Air

Question 7

CO levels

Answer 7

<1.5%

Question 8

What levels of CO indicate smoke inhalation

Answer 8

3-4% or at least 10% in smokers

Question 9

What do you need to be aware of during INO therapy

Answer 9

metHg, which should be <1.5% and monitored q4 to q 6 hours

Question 10

PFT results categorized

Answer 10

normal 80-120%
mild 70-79%
moderate 50-69%
severe <50%

Question 11

DLCO range

Answer 11

20-30
A decrease in DLCO suggests pulmonary fibrosis/emphysema

Question 12

Three x ray findings for atelectasis

Answer 12

Increased radiopacity
air bronchograms
elevated hemidiaphragm

Question 13

Increased heart size and Kerley B Lines suggests what

Answer 13

CHF

Question 14

Presence of a meniscus sign

Answer 14

Pleura effusion

Question 15

fluffy/patchy infiltrates in the perihilar regions

Answer 15

Pulmonary edema

Question 16

Mnemonic to assess for OSA risk

Answer 16

STOP BANG

Question 17

STOP acronym

Answer 17

Snoring/Tired all the time/Observed (someone else seeing cessation of breathing)/Pressure (treated for blood pressure?)

Question 18

BANG acronym

Answer 18

BMI >35
Age >50
Neck >40cm
Gender- male?

Question 19

Using the STOP BANG, what puts someone at high risk for OSA?

Answer 19

Yes to three or more of the questions

Question 20

OSA severity levels

Answer 20

0-4/hour Normal range
5-14/hr Mild
15-30/hr moderate
>30/hr severe

Question 21

Obstructive vs Central sleep apnea

Answer 21

Both are cessation of >80% reduction of airflow for at least 10 seconds.
OSA- Pt will have continued effort to breath
CSA- Pt will have no effort to breath during the 10 seconds

Question 22

ICP range

Answer 22

normal is 10-15
>20 is abnormally high
>25 is extremely bad

Question 23

Vital Capacity

Answer 23

70mL/kg

Question 24

Minute ventilation

Answer 24

5-10L/min

Question 25

Biots breathing and its indications

Answer 25

Clusters of rapid breaths interspersed with periods of apnea. This is seen in pt with damage to their medulla via stroke/trauma and also associated with increased ICP

Question 26

If a pt fails their SBT, what should you do?

Answer 26

Return them to the previous settings

Question 27

Atrial flutter is treated the same way as what other dysrhythmia

Answer 27

Atrial fibrillation

Question 28

What do you do if caring for a pt who begins to have PVCs?

Answer 28

Stop what you are doing, provide O2, and notify the physician

Question 29

Which common drug can cause A fib?

Answer 29

Albuterol

Question 30

Three common dz seen via echocardiography

Answer 30

PPHN
Pulm Artery HTN
HF

Question 31

End tidal CO2 vs PaCO2

Answer 31

Petco2 levels tend to read 2-5 torr below the PaCO2

Question 32

Absent P-waves

Answer 32

Should think A-fib

Question 33

What type of breathing pattern is accompanied by loss of lung volumes (atelectasis,fibrosis,ARDS,and pulmonary edema)

Answer 33

Rapid and shallow

Question 34

What does a high mallampati score indicate?

Answer 34

Class IV is associated with with very difficult intubation

Question 35

Vascular markings that decreased are seen in what? Absent? Prominance?

Answer 35

if increased vascular markings- CHF
decreased- emphysema
absent- Pneumothorax

Question 36

When would you change to PC mode?

Answer 36

When Pip is above 30 and plat is increasing

Question 37

When doing the transillumination test, hyperlucency would show what?

Answer 37

It means there is a pnuemo on that side

Question 38

honeycombing

Answer 38

pulmonary fibrosis

Question 39

butterfly shape or fluffy infiltrates

Answer 39

pulm edema

Question 40

what do you do for sustained V tach?

Answer 40

defibrillation

Question 41

if a baby is less than 28 weeks old you can assume they have what?

Answer 41

RDS

Question 42

where do you suction first on a baby?

Answer 42

Mouth and then the nose

Question 43

PFT results of a severe obstruction, no restrictive component

Answer 43

FEV1 <40% with a normal FVC (>70%) Maybe 75??

Question 44

Hallmark sign of TB

Answer 44

Upper lobe cavitation