Lab correlation Lecture 1

Question 1

What glands are involved in the endocrine system?

Answer 1

• Hypothalamus
• Pituitary
• Thyroid
• Parathyroid
• Adrenals

Question 2

Which glands are regulated by the anterior pituitary gland?

Answer 2

• Thyroid
• adrenals
• Gonads

Question 3

What is the endocrine systems primary function?

Answer 3

Produce hormones for secretion into the blood or extracellular spaces for transport to other glands to help your body function properly

Question 4

What are the two different types of hormones?

Answer 4

Proteins=water soluble

Steroid=Fat soluble

Question 5

Does insulin and glucagon raise or lower blood glucose?

Answer 5

Insulin=Lowers blood glucose

Glucagon=Raises blood glucose

Question 6

What is taras favorite equation?

Answer 6

H + HCO3 = H2CO3 = H2O + CO2

Question 7

Describe why the body might go into metabolic acidosis in type 1 diabetes

Answer 7

There are excess acids produced from the ketones so to compensate it the H are buffered with bicarbonate to form carbon dioxide and water which produces rapid and deep breathing. The loss of bicarbonate results in metabolic acidosis.

Question 8

What is a long term glucose monitoring for diabetes?

Answer 8

HbA1c

Question 9

What are the blood results that help the doctors know if someone has diabetes?

Answer 9

Fasting glucose: >7.0mmol/L
Oral glucose test: >11.0 mmol/L
Urine glucose: Positive

Question 10

What is the term when the final hormone produced regulates its own secretion by inhibiting the secretion of its precursor hormone?

Answer 10

Negative Feedback Control

Question 11

What are the two groups of hormones that the hypothalamus secretes?

Answer 11

• Oxytocin and ADH (antidiuretic hormone) = posterior pituitary
• Releasing and inhibiting hormones = Anterior pituitary
  (ex. CRH, TRH, GnRH)

Question 12

What are the three common pituitary diseases?

Answer 12

• Prolactinoma
• Giantism/acromegaly
• Cushings Disease

Question 13

Define Diuresis

Answer 13

Production of unusually large volumes of urine

Question 14

define glycolysis

Answer 14

Metabolism of glucose to pyruvate or lactate for use as energy

Question 15

Define Glycogen

Answer 15

Stored form of glucose

Question 16

Define Glycosuria

Answer 16

Urinary excretion of glucose

Question 17

Define Glycogenolysis

Answer 17

Breakdown of glycogen to glucose for use as energy

Question 18

Define Gluconeogenesis

Answer 18

Formation of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources

Question 19

Define Glycosylated Hemoglobin

Answer 19

A hemoglobin compound formed during the reaction of glucose within an amino group of hemoglobin

Question 20

define glycogenesis

Answer 20

the formation of glycogen from sugar

Question 21

define lipogenesis

Answer 21

Conversion of carbs to fatty acids