lab 8 ADL Flashcards
phylum
anthropoda
organization
organ level
embryonic development
. triploblast
. protostome
. eucoelmate
symmetry
bilateral
support system
exoskeleton
movement
. pleopods
. longitudinal muscles
. striated muscles
nervous system
. cerebral ganglion
. ventral nerve cord
. cephalization
. dorsal brain
circulation
open circulatory system
digestion/feeding
. complete digestive system . filter feeders . predators . extra/intracellular predigestion . gut divided in 3 areas
3 divisions of gut
. foregut
. midgut
. hindgut
excretory system
. nephridia
. malpighian tubules
. green gland
reproduction
. sexual . mono/dioecious . partenogeneses . external fertilization . internal fertilization . free living nauplius larvae
respiratory system
. book lungs
. book gills
all anthropods have
segmented bodies and jointed appendages
segmented bodies
. only last during embryonic development
. tagmata
exoskeleton made of
. chitin and proteins
. overlapping folds
purpose of exoskeleton
. support . muscle attachment . protection . prevents water loss . protects against salinity changes in marine species
ecdysis
molting of exoskeleton to make room for larger internal body
exoskeleton limits
body size
reduced coelom means
main body cavity is hemocoel
hemocoel
blood filled sinuses in tissues, makes up part of open circulatory system
anthropods have a true coelum
true
tagmatization (tagmata)
. head, thorax, abdomen
. type of metamerism
. unique to anthropods
Subphylum trilobiomorpha, class trilobita features
. jointed appendages . chitinous exoskeletons . complex nervous system . segmented bodies . complete digestive system . specialized internal organs . compound eyes . single pair of antennae . sexual reproduction . lived on sea floor . preyed on smaller invertebrates or ate organic debris . dug for food and to protect from predators . marine
subphylum chelicerata, class merostomata features
. chelicerae . nocturnal . swim on backs . eat mulluscs and worms . 2 compound eyes . book gills (breathing and swimming) . gnathobase . 1 eyespot (ocelli) . blue blood . boxing glove pedipalp (male)
chelicerae
pair of mouthparts in chelicerates that contain fangs and are used to stab and paralyze prey
gnathobase
toothed food-grinding surface surrounded by 4 pairs of walking legs
all animals in subphylum Chelicerata have
. 2 tagmata (cephlothorax and abdomen) . chelicerae . no antennae . pedipalps . 8 walking legs . chitinous exoskeleton
Class Merostomata species
horseshoe craps
class arachnida species
scorpions, spiders, ticks, mites, daddy long legs
trilobite structures to identify (dorsal)
. simple eye . compound eye . telson . abdomen . cephalothorax
trilobite structures to identify (ventral)
. chelicerae . pedipalp . mouth (gnathobase) . walking legs . carapace . anus . genital and gill operculum . book gills
how many compound eyes do horseshoe crabs have?
2
how many simple eyes do horseshoe crabs have
1
malpighian tubules
excretory system works with rectal gland
subphylum chelicerata, class arachnida features
. 1 pair of chelicerae . 1 pair of pedipalps . 4 pairs of walking legs . carnivorous (except mites) . feed on liquified food . digest externally using venom . book lungs or trachea . malpighian tubules . covered in specialized sensory hairs . some scorpions and spiders "sexual sting"
all species in subphylum crustacea have
. 2 tagmata
. biramous appendages
. calcified skeleton
. gills
biramous appendages
one for gills, one for attachment
2 tagmata in crustacea
cephalothorax and abdomen
Subphylum Crustacea classes
. branchiopoda
. copepoda
. cirripedia
. malacostraca
class branchiopoda
. fairy/brine shrimp
. gills on legs
. use antennae for swimming
class copepoda
. teardrop shaped . all aquatic environments . long antennae . thin carapace . parasitic . one eye
class cirripedia
. barnacles . free swimming larvae . sessile adults . monoecious . filter feeder . live in shell w open top
class Malacostraca
. shrimp, crabs, lobsters, crayfish, terrestrial pill bugs
. mantis shrimp w most complex eye
cuticle
forms well developed jointed exoskeleton
apodemes
internal surfaces for muscle attachment
homology
. same origin
. same/different function
. different individual
. vertebrate arm bones
serial homology
. same ancestral structure, different segment
. same/different function
. same individual
. crayfish appendages
analogy
. different origin
. same function
. different individual
. wings
which characteristic is shared by nematoda and anthropoda but is not found in mullusca?
exoskeleton/cuticle
what is absent in chelicerata?
antennae
how many pairs of chelicerae do horseshoe crabs have?
1
how many pairs of pedipalps do horseshoe crabs have?
1
how many pairs of walking legs do horseshoe crabs have?
4
function of telson in horseshoe crabs
burrowing in sand
function of telson in arachnida
defense
chelicerae are derived from a different body segment than mandibles proves
mouthparts originate independently in chelicerata and crustacea
chelicerata are the sister taxon to all anthropods
true
class that is mostly parasitic
copepoda
mouthparts of various shapes is advantageous for crayfish because
they provide different functions during feeding
cephalothorax
head and thorax
what organ secretes enzymes into stomach to digest food?
digestive gland
what structure proves crayfish have an open circulatory system?
ostia in heart
where are green glands located on crayfish?
ventral surface of head near mouth
which pair of walking legs in blue crabs has been modified for swimming?
fifth
purpose of cirri in cirripoda
filter feeding
