LAB Flashcards

1
Q

Augmentin (amoxicillin/clavulanic acid)

A

Provides drug use
To treat bacterial infections (e.g., otitis media/ear infection)

Shows patient drugs (May show bottle only, since it is liquid)

Asks patient “How did your prescriber tell you to take the medication?”

Provides dose (# tablets) Four milliliters (must show patient dose on syringe)

Provides route
By mouth

Provides schedule Twice daily

Provides missed dose instructions
Give missed dose as soon as remembered; if close to the next dose, skip the missed dose & resume usual schedule

Provides storage conditions
Refrigerate; do not freeze

Asks patient “What did your prescriber tell you to expect?”

Explains benefits to be expected
Resolution of symptoms; treatment of infection; finish entire course to treat infection

Explains onset of action (time) Can take up to ~2-3 days to see improvement in symptoms; do not stop drug even if symptoms improve, unless prescriber tells you otherwise

Explains duration of therapy/drug action
10 days

Provides common side effects
Diarrhea; GI upset

Presents possible severe reaction Allergic/anaphylactic reaction; C diff – very watery or bloody stools

Explains drug interactions with food/drink/ other drugs
May give with or without food; giving with food may reduce GI upset

Explains contraindications with drug use
History of hypersensitivity to amoxicillin/penicillins or any other component of the formulation; history of jaundice or hepatic dysfunction with Augmentin therapy; history of PKU (some formulations)

Provides techniques for monitoring
Monitor symptoms of infection; monitor adverse reactions

Steps to avoid/minimize adverse reactions & what to do if occur
Give with food to minimize GI upset

When to seek medical help Signs/symptoms of allergic reaction or C diff (severe diarrhea)

Asks patient to repeat instructions

Asks “ What quetions do you have for me?”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Hydroxyzine pamoate (Vistaril)

A

Provides drug use Anxiety; itching; seasonal allergic rhinitis; sedation

Shows patient drugs

Asks patient “How did your prescriber tell you to take the medication?”

Provides dose (# tablets) 25mg (1 cap); (per this Rx; other regimens possible)

Provides route
By mouth

Provides schedule Every 6 hours as needed for anxiety (per this Rx; other regimens possible)

Provides missed dose instructions
This medication is only taken “as needed”; if a dose is missed, may take if experiencing symptoms. Do not double up on dose.

Provides storage conditions Room temperature (59-86F)

Asks patient “What did your prescriber tell you to expect?”

Explains benefits to be expected
Improvement in symptoms

Explains onset of action (time)
May occur as soon as 15-30 minutes after dose

Explains duration of therapy/drug action Effectiveness at more than 4 months of use has not been established; should be periodically assessed

Provides common side effects
None reported >10%; sedation, dry mouth, urinary retention or constipation may occur

Presents possible severe reaction
QT prolongation; allergic reaction

Explains drug interactions with food/drink/ other drugs May be taken with or without food. Use with other CNS depressants such as alcohol may increase sedation.

Explains contraindications with drug use
Early pregnancy; hypersensitivity to any component

Provides techniques for monitoring
Improvement in symptoms; monitor adverse reactions

Steps to avoid/minimize adverse reactions & what to do if occur
Avoid use with other CNS depressants

When to seek medical help Signs/symptoms of allergic reaction

Asks patient to repeat instructions

Asks “ Wha questions do you have for me?”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Lansoprazole (Prevacid)

A

Provides drug use
GERD; ulcer; H Pylori treatment; erosive esophagitis; gastric ulcer disease

Shows patient drugs

Asks patient “How did your prescriber tell you to take the medication?”

Provides dose (# tablets)	
30mg (1 cap) (per this Rx; other regimens possible)		

Provides route
By mouth

Provides schedule 	
Once daily (per this Rx; other regimens possible)		

Provides missed dose instructions
Give missed dose as soon as remembered; if close to the next dose, skip the missed dose & resume usual schedule. Do not take extra dose to make up for missed dose.

Provides storage conditions 	
Room temperature (59-86F); protect from light & moisture 	

Asks patient “What did your prescriber tell you to expect?”

Explains benefits to be expected
Reduction in GERD symptoms; healing of ulcers

Explains onset of action (time)
Partial symptom relief may occur within first week; healing of ulcers may take 8 weeks or longer.

Explains duration of therapy/drug action
Should be re-assessed by prescriber after 8 weeks to determine if therapy should be continued.

Provides common side effects
Abdominal pain; constipation; diarrhea; nausea

Presents possible severe reaction
Long-term use may increase risk of C. diff or pneumonia infection and fractures.

Explains drug interactions with food/drink/ other drugs May give with or without food; taking 30-60 minutes before a meal is preferable.
May reduce absorption other medications that require acidic environment to absorb (e.g., some HIV medications; calcium supplements).

Explains contraindications with drug use Hypersensitivity to lansoprazole

Provides techniques for monitoring
Monitor symptoms; monitor adverse reactions

Steps to avoid/minimize adverse reactions & what to do if occur
Seek medical help for allergic reactions. Discuss risks & benefits of long-term use.
When to seek medical help Signs/symptoms of allergic reaction

Asks patient to repeat instructions

Asks “ What questions do you have for me?”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Memantine (Namenda)

A

Provides drug use
Alzheimer’s disease (moderate to severe)

Shows patient drugs

Asks patient “How did your prescriber tell you to take the medication?”

Provides dose (# tablets)	
5mg (1 tablet) (per this Rx; other regimens possible)		

Provides route
By mouth

Provides schedule 	
Twice daily (per this Rx; other regimens possible)		

Provides missed dose instructions
Give missed dose as soon as remembered; if close to the next dose, skip the missed dose & resume usual schedule. Do not take extra dose to make up for missed dose. If doses are missed for several days, may need to reinitiate at lower dose and re-titrate.

Provides storage conditions 	
Room temperature (59-86F); protect from light & moisture 		

Asks patient “What did your prescriber tell you to expect?”

Explains benefits to be expected
Slows clinical decline of Alzheimer’s; may provide slight improvement in clinical status

Explains onset of action (time)
Titrated to maintenance dose (10mg bid) at intervals of at least one week; effects are modest and may not be noticeable.

Explains duration of therapy/drug action
Usually taken lifelong or until decision is made to discontinue

Provides common side effects
Constipation; diarrhea; vomiting; dizziness; headache; confusion

Presents possible severe reaction
Seizure (rare); stroke; renal failure

Explains drug interactions with food/drink/ other drugs May be taken with or without food

Explains contraindications with drug use Hypersensitivity to memantine

Provides techniques for monitoring
Monitor cognitive function; monitor adverse reactions

Steps to avoid/minimize adverse reactions & what to do if occur
Seek medical help for allergic reactions.

When to seek medical help
Signs/symptoms of allergic reaction; stroke; seizure; reduced urine output

Asks patient to repeat instructions

Asks “ What questions do you have for me?”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Valsartan/hydrochlorothiazide (Diovan HCT)

A

Provides drug use
Hypertension

Shows patient drugs

Asks patient “How did your prescriber tell you to take the medication?”

Provides dose (# tablets)	
160/12.5mg (1 tablet) (per this Rx; other regimens possible)		

Provides route
By mouth

Provides schedule 	
Once daily (per this Rx; other regimens possible); should take in the morning to avoid nighttime diuresis		

Provides missed dose instructions
Give missed dose as soon as remembered; if close to the next dose, skip the missed dose & resume usual schedule. Do not take extra dose to make up for missed dose.

Provides storage conditions 	
Room temperature (59-86F); protect from light & moisture 		

Asks patient “What did your prescriber tell you to expect?”

Explains benefits to be expected
Control hypertension; patient may not feel any different.

Explains onset of action (time)
Maximum response achieved in ~2-4 weeks.

Explains duration of therapy/drug action
Usually taken lifelong or may be DC’d if hypertension is controlled by lifestyle modifications (e.g., weight loss, diet, exercise)

Provides common side effects
Hypotension; dizziness; increase in urination due to HCTZ

Presents possible severe reaction
Angioedema

Explains drug interactions with food/drink/ other drugs May be taken with or without food

Explains contraindications with drug use Hypersensitivity to valsartan or HCTZ; pregnancy; caution in patients with hypersensitivity to sulfa

Provides techniques for monitoring
Blood pressure monitoring; monitor adverse reactions

Steps to avoid/minimize adverse reactions & what to do if occur
Caution in standing up or changing position to minimize dizziness/orthostatic hypotension

When to seek medical help
Signs/symptoms of allergic reaction or angioedema

Asks patient to repeat instructions

Asks “ What questions do you have for me?”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly