Lab 7: Population Genetics

Question 1

What is the Hardy Weinburg law and what does it explain?

Answer 1

p+q=1 or (p+q)^2=1^2 or p^2+2pq+q^2=1. it predicts allele frequencies within a population. p=the homozygote gene of dominant allele frequency (AA)+ 0.5Aa, and q= homo recessive (aa)+1/2Aa

Question 2

Factors the Affect the Hardy-Weinburg Equation?

Answer 2

migration/gene flow
mutation
genetic drift
natural selection

Question 3

In order for HW equilibrium to be established and for the p and 1 frequencies to not change, what are the assumptions made?

Answer 3

no- natural selection, mutation, migration, or overlapping generations

yes- random mating, sexual reproduction, normal segregation, diploid organism

Question 4

Draw a mutation graph over generations a) with no reverse mutation, 2) with some reverse mutation

Answer 4

the rate at which the frequency of the A allele decreases slows down in a mutation graph if there is reverse mutation because there are changes contributing to the A allele

Question 5

Draw a natural selection graph if A if selected for, and a is selected against

Answer 5

the frequency of allele A will go up if it is favored because the animals with that trait have a higher fitness and a better likely hood of reproducing and propagating that allele

Question 6

What happens if adjacent populations that aren’t identical migrate?

Answer 6

migrate is not unidirectional, therefore the 2 different populations gene frequencies will converge (even out and become similar)

Question 7

Which factor affects HW the most?

Answer 7

the factor that causes the allele A frequency to deviate the most from 0.5. usually it si genetic drift because it causes fixation or elimination.

Question 8

What factor affects Hw the least?

Answer 8

the one that causes the 0.5 frequency to deviate the least. Usually it is mutation when there is reverse mutation present