Lab 5 Flashcards
The wave like contractions to move contents of the digestive system
peristalsis
when the muscle layers constrict, what does it form
sphincters
where are the sphincters located? there are 5 locations
top of esophagus
between stomacah and esophagus
between stomach and small intestine
between small and large intestine
the anus
it is a large muscle and covered on the upper surface and sides by taste buds
tongue
how can we determine animal’s diet?
type and shape of teeth
used to cut and clip food
incisors
teeth that have flat head
incisors
teeth that are pointed
canines
used to tear and rip tough food
canines
broad teeth to crush and tear food
premolars
why might some herbivores have lost, reduced, or modified canines
no longer necessary for diet
what is milk teeth
the first set of teeth of a baby
which digestive enzyme is found in saliva
amylase
give functions of saliva
moisten foods to make it easier to swallow
cleanses mouth to remove food particles and bacterias
how does the food move through the esophagus
through peristalsis
correct order of flow of digestion
mouth pharynx esophagus stomach small intestine large intestine rectum anus
your mnemonic for the flow of digestion
“My Perfect Elephant Sings Songs Like Real Artists.”
this acts to keep food and stomach acid from travelling back into the esophagus
sphincter
what is the interior walls of the stomach that have large folds
rugae
what is a rugae
fold in the stomach lining
what does the lining of stomach contains?
gastric glands
what does gastric glands produces
mucus, hydrochloric acid, pepsinogen
what protects the stomach lining from the acidic environment
mucus
what kills bacteria that may be present in food
HCl acid
what digestive substance does the liver produce
bile
where is bile stored
gallbladder
what is the function of bile
emulsifies fat
what does the pancreas produce
sodium bicarbonate
what are the three digestive enzymes that pancreas produce
lipase, trypsin, amylase
lipase digests _____
fats
trypsin digests ________
protein
amylase digests ______
carbohydrates
how does the pH of small intestine compare to the pH of the stomach
less acidic
each circular fold has many finger-like projections
villi
what passes from the small intestine into the large intestine
undigested materials
this contains no circular folds or villi
large intestine
give functions of large intestine
absorb water
moves solid waste out of the body
what are the undigested material from the digestive tract called
feces
where are feces stored
rectum
why do you need to incubate your tubes at room temperature before heating them
allowing the amylase to start breaking down starch into simpler sugars
what happens if the temperature increases past optimum
enzyme denature
a ring of muscle fibers that regulate the movement of food from one location to another in the digestive tract
sphincters
