Lab 5 Flashcards
What determines an individual’s ABO blood type?
The presence or absence of A and B antigens on the surface of red blood cells.
What are the genotypes for each ABO blood type?
A: AA or AO
B: BB or BO
AB: AB
O: OO
How is Rh status determined in blood typing?
By the presence (Rh+) or absence (Rh−) of the D antigen on red blood cells.
What is the inheritance pattern of ABO blood groups?
Codominance for A and B alleles; O is recessive.
Why might a Rh− mother develop antibodies against a Rh+ fetus?
If the mother’s and fetus’s blood mix during childbirth, she may develop Rh+ antibodies, which can harm a future Rh+ fetus.
What are the steps to determine blood type using synthetic samples?
Place a drop of synthetic blood in each well on the blood typing slide.
Add anti-A serum (blue) to well A, anti-B serum (yellow) to well B, and anti-Rh serum (clear) to well Rh.
Stir each well with a different-colored stick and observe for agglutination.
What does agglutination indicate in a blood typing test?
The presence of the corresponding antigen in the blood sample.
A child has A Rh+ blood type. Which antibodies does their immune system produce?
Anti-B antibodies.
What are the potential blood types of a child with AB and O parents?
A or B.
Why is blood type matching critical for transfusions?
Mismatched blood can cause an immune response, leading to potentially fatal complications.
A person has A Rh+ blood type. Which antibodies does their immune system produce?
Anti-B antibodies only; no anti-D antibodies, as they have the D antigen.
A person has B Rh− blood type. Which antibodies does their immune system produce?
Anti-A antibodies. They will only produce anti-D antibodies if exposed to Rh+ blood.
An individual with O Rh+ blood type is exposed to B Rh− blood. Will their immune system react?
Yes, their immune system will produce anti-B antibodies, but not anti-D antibodies because Rh is compatible.
If a person with B Rh+ blood type receives O Rh− blood, will their immune system react?
No, O Rh− blood has no A, B, or Rh antigens, making it safe for transfusion.
A person with A Rh− blood type is exposed to B Rh+ blood. What happens?
Their immune system will produce anti-B and anti-D antibodies.
