Lab 5

Question 1

what can the body of vascular plants divided into

Answer 1

• stem
• roots
• leaves

Question 2

what forms the shoot of the plant

Answer 2

stem and leaves

Question 3

what is tropism

Answer 3

response to stimuli by non-motile organisms, grow and bend towards or away from a stimuli
positive tropism = towards the stimuli
negative tropism = away from the stimuli

Question 4

what is gravitropism

Answer 4

directional plant growth in response to gravity

Question 5

what are the 4 species of land plants

Answer 5

• bryophytes (mosses)
• seedless vascular plants (furns)
• gymnosperms (conifers)
• angiosperms (flowering plants)

Question 6

what are cones?

Answer 6

sexual reproductive organs of gymnosperms

Question 7

what do male cones produce

Answer 7

pollen grain

Question 8

what do female cones produce

Answer 8

ovules

Question 9

where does sperm get produced

Answer 9

pollen grain

Question 10

what do pollen grane have to facilitate dispersial

Answer 10

air sacs

Question 11

in flowering plants, what are the male reproductive structures

Answer 11

Stamen : Anther and filament

Question 12

what is the female part of the flower called

Answer 12

pistil : stigma, style, ovary

Question 13

what is the role of the sepals

Answer 13

their function is to protect the inner and more
delicate parts of the flower as they develop within the bud.

Question 14

what is the role of the petals

Answer 14

These features are designed to attract
insects to the flowers of those plants which rely on them to transmit
pollen

Question 15

what is the role of the anther

Answer 15

producing/housing the pollen grains

Question 16

where is the pollen deposited

Answer 16

the stigma

Question 17

after the pollen is deposited on the stigma, what happens

Answer 17

sperm from pollen migrates to fertilize one of the eggs in an ovule

Question 18

what happens after fertilization (flower)

Answer 18

• ovule becomes a seed
• ovary wall thickens, develops into a fruit

Question 19

what is a fruit

Answer 19

the tissue that surrounds the seed

Question 20

what is the function of the epidermis (leaf)

Answer 20

The outer layer of cells providing the boundary between the inside and outside of the leaf. Each leaf has an UPPER
epidermis and LOWER epidermis.

Question 21

what is the function of the cuticle

Answer 21

The layer of waxy (acellular) material which covers the outer surface of the leaf to prevent water loss

Question 22

what is the function of the stoma

Answer 22

The pore (pore plus the guard cells=stomatal system) through which gas exchanges take place
(regulated by guard cells to avoid water loss)

Question 23

what is the function of the guard cells

Answer 23

Cells that open and close the pore to prevent water loss during gas exchange.

Question 24

what is the function of the palisade mesophyll

Answer 24

elongated photosynthetic cell beneath the epidermis

Question 25

what is the function of the spongy mesophyll

Answer 25

Loosely packed photosynthetic cells allowing the movement of O2 and CO2 between the palisade
cells and the stomata

Question 26

what is the function of the VASCULAR BUNDLE (VEIN):

Answer 26

Unit of vascular tissue that conducts the water and nutrients throughout the plant. Contains
xylem (transport of water to leaves) and phloem (transport of sugars to non-photosynthetic parts of the plant). Vascular tissue
also provides structural support for the organ.

Question 27

what is the main dispersion method for pollen and seeds in gymnosperms

Answer 27

• pollen = wind
• seeds = wind

Question 28

what is the main dispersion method for pollen and seeds in angiosperms

Answer 28

pollen: animals
seeds: animals