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Bio 202. Lab Exam 1 > Lab 4 Vocab (Arthropods) > Flashcards

Lab 4 Vocab (Arthropods) Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Phylum arthropoda 5 subphyla

A

Trilobitomorpha, chelicerata, crustacea, myriapoda, hexapoda

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2
Q

Subphyla chelicerata 2 classes

A

merostomata, arachnida

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3
Q

Subphyla crustacea class

A

malacostraca

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4
Q

Subphyla myriapoda 2 classes

A

diplopoda, chilopoda

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5
Q

Subphyla hexapoda class

A

insecta

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6
Q

Exoskeleton

A

big number of advantages, attachment site for internalized muscles, structural support, support from desiccation and allows appendages to function as levers. light and flexible, but with biophysical constraints since non growing.

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7
Q

Ecdysis

A

moulting: shedding exoskeleton (old cuticle) and secreting new one. to overcome biophysical constraints

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8
Q

Locomotion

A

jointed legs help them move forward with minimal upset to its organs.

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9
Q

Nervous/sensory coordination

A

evolved brain, antennae, compound or simple eyes

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10
Q

Food acquisition and digestion

A

complete digestive tract. foregut, midgut and hindgut (all lined with cuticle)

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11
Q

excretion and water balance

A

organs in haemocoel, bathed in body fluids. Nitrogenous waste expelled through coxal glands or malphighian tubules.

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12
Q

Terrestrial excretions

A

uric acid

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13
Q

aquatic excretions

A

ammonia

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14
Q

haemocoel

A

body cavity where organs are bathed in bodily fluids allowing exchange of nutrients and waste

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15
Q

Circulation

A

open circulation system, dorsal contractile vessel “heart”. nutrient and waste exchange, no gasses

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16
Q

Respiration

A

book gills and book lungs, tracheal systems consisting of tracheae and spiracles controlled by valves.

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17
Q

tracheae

A

chitin lined tubes which ramify deep within the body

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18
Q

spiracles

A

external openings controlled by valves that are part of the respiratory system

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19
Q

Reproduction/development

A

dioecious (separate sexes), some parthenogenic (development of gamete without fertilization)

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20
Q

Tagmata

A

fusion of segments into specialized regions

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21
Q

Chelicerate tagmata

A

prosoma and opisthosoma

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22
Q

Myriapods tagmata

A

head and trunk

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23
Q

crustaceans tagmata

A

head and pereon (cephalothorax), and pleon

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24
Q

insects (hexapods)

A

head, thorax, abdomen

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25
Q

serially homologous

A

same developmental origin (same original body segment) even if they have evolved different structures and functions

26
Q

Analogous

A

appendages or organs originate from different segments but with similar structure or function

27
Q

Subphylum chelicerata appendages

A

biramous (branches into two)

28
Q

prosoma (cephalothorax) appendages

A

1 pair pedipalps
1 pair chelicerae
4 pairs walking legs

29
Q

opisthosoma (abdomen) has what

A

organs

30
Q

pedipalps

A

sensory/feeding

31
Q

chelicerae

A

piercing, sucking

32
Q

Class merostomata example

A

ex: horseshoe crab

33
Q

Class merostomata features

A

shield-like cephalothorax= 1 pair of chelicerae and 5 pairs of walking legs
Abdominal appendages=book gills

34
Q

book gills

A

leaf-like respiratory structure

35
Q

Class arachnida examples

A

spiders and scorpions and ticks

36
Q

Class arachnida features

A

book lungs, celicerae=fangs in spiders, pedipalps=pincers in scorpions, cephalothorax sometimes fused with abdomen to make an unsegmented body like ticks

37
Q

book lungs

A

invaginations of ventral body wall divided into leaf-like lamellae

38
Q

Subphylum myriapoda appendages

A

uniramous

39
Q

uniramous

A

means that the appendage doesn’t split

40
Q

head (myriapoda)

A

1 pair antennae (sensory)
1 pair mandibles
1 (diplopoda) or 2 (chilopoda) pairs of maxillae

41
Q

trunk

A

many pairs of walking legs

42
Q

mandibles

A

grinding and tearing mouthpart derived from anterior head appendages

43
Q

maxillae

A

mouthparts just posterior to the mandible

44
Q

Class diplopoda

A

millipedes. 2 pairs of appendages per trunk segment. cylindrical.

45
Q

Class chilopoda

A

centipedes. 1 pair of appendages per trunk segment. flattened dorsoventrally. large pair of fangs (maxillipeds)

46
Q

Class malacostraca example

A

crayfish

47
Q

head and pereon

A 
2 pairs antennae
1 pair mandibles
1 pair maxillae (moves food to mouth)
1 pair maxillae (moves water to gill chambers)
3 pairs maxillipeds 
1 pair chelipeds
4 pairs pereopods
48
Q

pleon

A

5 pairs pleopods
1 uropod
1 telson

49
Q

maxilllipeds

A

hold food, sensory

50
Q

Chelipeds

A

claws for grasping food

51
Q

pereopods

A

walking legs

52
Q

pleopods

A

swimmerets, reproduction and locomotion

53
Q

head (insecta)

A

1 pair antennae
1 pair mandibles
1 pair maxillae
labrum and labium

54
Q

thorax

A

3 pair legs

2 pair of wings (usually)

55
Q

Insecta order lepidoptera

A

butterflies/moths

56
Q

Insecta order orthoptera

A

grasshopers, mantids

57
Q

Insecta order hymenoptera

A

bees, wasps and ants

58
Q

Insecta order homoptera

A

cicadas

59
Q

Insecta order coleoptera

A

Beetles

60
Q

Insecta order hemiptera

A

bugs

61
Q

Insecta order odonata

A

dragonflies, damselflies

62
Q

Insecta order diptera

A

flies

Bio 202. Lab Exam 1 (11 decks)

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