Lab 4 Flashcards
Interphase
Normal cell work; cell metabolically active and growing;DNA replicates
MItotic Phase
Cell Division
Mitosis
Nuclear division
Prophase
Nucleolus and nuclear membrane disappear; chromatin condenses in to chromosomes; centrioles moves to opposite poles; spindle fibers attach to centromeres of cromatids
Metaphase
Chromosomes line up at metaphasal plate; spindle fibers attach to centromeres of chromatids
Anaphase
Chromatids of chromosomes separate;move to opposite poles
Telophase
Cell reverses prophase activities
Cytokinesis
Cytoplasmic division into two genetically identical daughter cells
Plasma Membrane
Controls movement of substances into and out of the cell
Microvilli
Folds of the plasma membrane that increase the surface area of the cell to increase absorption or secretion
Nucleus
Contains DNA molecules and nucleolus
Nucleolus
Assembly site for ribosomes
Chromatin
Long thin strands within nucleus. Each strand composed of one DNA molecule and associated
Cytoplasm
Area of the cell that includes the cytosol and organelles
Cytosol
Fluid portion of cytoplasm that surrounds organelles
Mitochondria
Make ATP via aerobic cellular respiration
Ribosomes
Site of protein synthesis
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)
Processes and transports proteins made at attached ribosomes; synthesizes phospholipids
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum ( SER)
Fatty acid and steroid synthesis; detoxifies toxic substances
Golgi Complex
Receives and modifies proteins from RER; sorts and transports them
Secretory Vesicles
Secretes substances outside the cell by exocytosis
Lysosomes
Enzymes digest and recycle worn out organelles and substances entering the cells; can digest the cell
Peroxisomes
Produce hydrogen peroxide; detoxify harmful substances
Cytoskeleton
Three kinds of protein filaments; maintain cell shape and involved in cell movement and movement of organelles
Centrosomes (centrioles)
Form mitotic spindle; needed to form cilia and flagella
Cilia
Abundant, hair-like cell projections that move fluids and particles along the cell surface
Flagella
Long cell projections; whip-like motion moves sperm