Lab 4

Question 1

define mitosis

Answer 1

two daughter cells arise from the parent cell that are identical to the parent. Genetic material is evenly separated between the two

Question 2

Define meiosis

Answer 2

Cells produced are different than the original cell

they contain different amounts of genetic material

Question 3

what occurs during cell division, and what is the other term for this?

Answer 3

mitosis and cytokinesis occurs

M phase

Question 4

how is interphase defined

Answer 4

phase separating two cell divisions, period of growth and preparation for next m phase

Question 5

What does the duplicated chromosome consist of?

Answer 5

two chromatids joined together by cohesins, proteins

Question 6

what is the division of the cytoplasm called?

When does it occur?

Answer 6

cytokinesis

late anaphase

Question 7

what are the visual aspects of cytokinesis

Answer 7

a cleavage furrow down the equator of the cell

Question 8

what happens in prophase? (3)

Answer 8

1. The chromosomes shorten and thicken and are seen as two chromatids
2. mitotic spindle forms
3. nuclei disappear

Question 9

What signals the beginning of prometaphase?

Answer 9

The nuclear envelope gets broken down

Question 10

what enzyme cleaves cohesin?

Answer 10

separase

Question 11

What occurs during metaphase? (3)

Answer 11

the mitotic spindle finishes forming.
the chromatids are all together at the equator in little pieces
the centromeres separate

Question 12

What happens during anaphase?

Answer 12

the chromatids are called daughter chromosomes

the daughter chromosomes move to opposite poles of the cell

Question 13

what happens during telophase? (3)

Answer 13

the mitotic spindle disappears, the nuclear membrane reappears, and a cleavage furrow separates the two animal cells

Question 14

What guides the formation of a cell wall between two daughter cells in plant cells?

Answer 14

phragmoplast

Question 15

what stain was used in the lab?

Answer 15

Feulgen stain

Question 16

what does the aforementioned dye interact with on the dna?

Answer 16

The aldehyde groups

Question 17

what is dna called that lacks purines

Answer 17

apurinic acid

Question 18

what occurs in the apical meristem?

Answer 18

zone of cell division and apical growth

Question 19

What is the responsibility of the quiscent centre?

Answer 19

it arrest cells in the G1 of interphase

Question 20

what is present around the around each end of the spindle in animal cells that is not present around plant cells?

Answer 20

a semicircle of fibres called an aster

Question 21

what were the three organisms studied in the lab?

Answer 21

Broad bean, whitefish, and onion

Question 22

could you tell the difference between a white fish cell and a onion root?

Answer 22

yes