Lab 39 Epidemiology

Question 1

pathogen

Answer 1

disease producing microorganism

Question 2

host

Answer 2

organism that harbors the pathogen

Question 3

Communicable diseases

Answer 3

can be spread either directly or indirectly form one host to another

Question 4

noncommunicable disease

Answer 4

they cannot be transmitted form one host to another

Question 5

epidemiology

Answer 5

the science that deals with when and where diseases occur and how they are transmitted in the human population

Question 6

endemic diseases

Answer 6

constantly present in the population

Question 7

epidemic disease

Answer 7

when many people in a given area acquire the disease in a relatively short period of time

Question 8

index case

Answer 8

first reported patient in a disease outbreak

Question 9

case definition

Answer 9

one of the first steps in analyzing disease outbreak; should include the typical symptoms of patients included as cases in an outbreak investigation

Question 10

What is one way a disease can be transmitted between hosts?

Answer 10

direct contact

Question 11

droplet infection

Answer 11

occurs when microorganisms are carried on liquid drops from a cough or sneeze, is a method of direct contact

Question 12

fomites

Answer 12

disease contaminated inanimate objects

Question 13

vectors

Answer 13

insects and other arthropods that carry pathogens

Question 14

mechanical transmission

Answer 14

insects carry a pathogen on their feet and may transfer the pathogen to a person’s food

Question 15

biological transmission

Answer 15

transmission of a disease by an arthropod’s bite

Question 16

reservoir

Answer 16

continual source of an infection

Question 17

carriers

Answer 17

humans who harbor pathogens but who do not exhibit any sign of disease

Question 18

epidemiologist

Answer 18

compiles data on the incidence of a disease and its method of transmission and tried to locate the source of infection to decrease the incidence

Question 19

epidemic curve

Answer 19

gives a visual display of the outbreaks magnitude and time trend

Question 20

secondary cases

Answer 20

when someone gets an infection from a food and then transmits the infection to family members who did not eat the food

Question 21

do all people who contact an infected individual acquire the disease?

Answer 21

no because it depend son the immune system, level of infection and mainly on the type of disease. The person may already be sensitized to that disease

Question 22

how can an epidemic stop without medical intervention (e.g. quarantine, chemotherapy, vaccines)?

Answer 22

individual dies or overcomes infection and therefor is no longer a source of further infection. epidemic stops when people susceptible to it are too few and too scattered in population to keep cycle going.

Question 23

what was the method of transmission of the “disease” in this lab 39?

Answer 23

direct contact of the skin

Question 24

could you be the infected individual and not have growth on your plate?

Answer 24

yes you could have the disease on your palm and not on your fingers