Lab 3 - pulmonary function tests Flashcards
spiro = ? meter = ?
breath
to measure
name the four non-overlapping primary lung volumes
tidal volume
inspiratory reserve volume
expiratory reserve volume
residual volume
what is tidal volume (Vt)
the volume of air inhaled OR exhaled during a single breath during normal breathing
what is inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)
the volume of air that can be maximally inhaled at the end of a normal tidal inspiration
what are the normal IRV for young females and males
1900mL for young females
3000mL for young males
t/f IRV increases during exercise
false, it decreases
what is expiratory reserve volume (ERV)
the volume of air that can be maximally exhaled at the end of a normal tidal
what are the normal ERV for young females and males
700mL in young females
1100mL in young males
t/f ERV decreases with exercise
true
what is residual volume (RV)
the volume of gas remaining in the lungs after a forced (maximal) exhalation
t/f RV can easily be measured
false, will be estimated (1L)
what is a pulmonary capacity
sum of two or more primary lung volumes
name the 4 pulmonary capacities
inspiration capacity
functional residual capacity
vital capacity
total lung capacity
what is inspiratory capacity (IC)
the maximum volume that can be inhaled from the end of a normal resting exhalation (IC = Vt + IRV)
what is functional residual capacity (FRC)
the volume of gas remaining in the lungs at the end of a normal resting exhalation (FRC = ERV + RV)
what is vital capacity (VC)
the greatest volume of gas that can be exhaled by maximal effort after a maximal inhalation (VC = ERV + IRV + Vt)
what is total lung capacity (TLC)
the volume of gas in the lungs at the time of maximal inhalation . it is the sum of VC and RV (TLC = IRV + Vt + ERV + RV)
most significant volume in terms of assessing pulmonary health
Vital capacity (VC)
t/f if the VC is reduced there is likely a presence of pulmonary disease
true, but need more diagnosis measurement
what is the Fev1
forced expiratory volume in 1 second (L)
What does the forced expiration test (FEv1 & FVC) reflect (2)
the flow resistance properties of the airways & mechanical properties of the large and medium-sized airways
ratio that provides an effective way of differentiating between
normal, obstructive, restrictive and potentially mixed pulmonary conditions
Fev1/FVC
under normal conditions, the FEv1/FVC ratio is __
0.70 or greater
under normal conditions, the percent predicted values of Fev1 and FVC are ___
≥ 80%
in conditions where the airways are obstructed, what happens to FEv1 and FVC
FVC is normal
Fev1 is reduced under 80%
name 3 conditions where airways are obstructed
asthma
emphysema
chronic bronchitis
in conditions where the lung volume is reduced, what happens to FEv1 and FVC
FVC is compromised
FEV1/FVC ratio may be normal or even greater
name 3 conditions where lung volume is reduced
pulmonary fibrosis
scoliosis
tuberculosis
what is MBC
maximal breathing capacity
what is the maximal breathing capacity
maximum volume of air that can be exhaled over a specified period of time
MBC test provides information on 4 things
airway resistance, lung elasticity, lung compliance, respiratory muscle mechanics
MBC normal value of the ratio btw value and predicted value
≥ 0.80
what does a value below 0.80 indicates for MBC
presence of disease or poor effort
