Lab 3 post operative complications Flashcards
what would a mild fever within the first 2 days post op indicate
could be a normal finding since a mild fever comes along with the normal inflammatory response after surgery
When is a patient most at risk for dizziness and fainting
24-48 hours post op
what types of anesthetic puts the patient at the most risk for dizziness and fainting and why
spinal and epidural anesthetic since it block autonomic muscle tone so blood vessels don’t constrict as they should to maintain blood pressure
If there is a change in cardiac or neurological functioning what is often the first vital sign to change
usually respiratory rate
how long does it usually take for acute respiratory syndrome to present after surgery
24-48 hours
what are signs and symptoms of ARDS
-Rapid shallow breathing
-severe hypoxemia
-crackles in lungs
-no cough
-chest pain
-hemoptysis
what are signs and symptoms of hypovolemic shock
-decreasing blood pressure
-increasing pulse
-cold, clammy, pale skin
what is paralytic ileus
the delayed return of GI peristalsis
What are some interventions to prevent paralytic ileus
-encourage early ambulation
-encourage splinting of abdomen after surgeries
-Start bowel protocol early on with patients especially with narcotic use
-keep patients on fluids until active bowel sounds
when does dehiscence usually occur post op
usually 7-10 days post operativley
what is a hematoma?
Area immediate to the surgical site which fills with blood causing swelling and discoloration
what are the three different types of pain?
-Nociceptive
-Visceral
-Neuropathic
What is nociceptive pain
pain that results from damage to body tissue
what is visceral pain
pain that comes from the visceral organs
what is neuropathic pain
pain that originates from a central or peripheral nerve
what are the different phases of pain transmission
Transduction
transmission
perception
modulation
what is the onset of action of morphine
17 min
what is the onset of action of hydromorphone
15 min
what is the onset of action of fentanyl
4-5 min
what medication may be used if a patient is experiencing pruritus
Diphenhydramine (benadryl)
when would a nurse administer narcan
-respiratory rate of less than 8
-sedation scale score of 4 or less
if a patient does not wake up after the first dose of naloxone what should a nurse do
continue to administer 0.1 mg every two minutes four time or until the patient wakes up
why is it important for patients on PCA to have a patent IV
if they overdose IV is the prefered route to give naloxone
when would you notify the physician that you had to give your patient naloxone
if you had to give more than 5 doses
