Lab 3- Cardiovascular Flashcards
sulci
grooves on external surface of heart at the divisions between chambers
Right Ventricle (RV)
Pumps deoxygenated blood into pulmonary trunk
→ lung capillaries
Left Ventricle (LV)
Pumps oxygenated
blood into the aorta
→ systemic arteries
→ body tissues
Ventricles
-Thick-walled chambers
(muscular)
-Discharge blood
-Good pumps
-Interventricular septum
divides right and left
Atria
-Chambers that receive blood
-Thin floppy walls (auricles)
-Interatrial septum divides right from left
Right Atrium (RA)
Receives oxygen-poor blood from the body via:
‒ Superior vena cava
‒ Inferior vena cava
‒ Coronary sinus
- not shown
Left Atrium (LA)
Receives oxygen-rich blood from the lungs via:
Left pulmonary veins (2)
Right pulmonary veins (2)
– not shown
Atrioventricular
(2) – between atria
and ventricles
Semilunar
(2) – ventricles exit
Tricuspid valve
- right Between RA and RV
-right - 3 cusps
-Allow blood to flow from the atria into
the ventricles when ventricles relaxed
Bicuspid or Mitral valve
- left
- Between LA and LV
- 2 cusps
-Prevent backflow of blood into atria
when ventricles contract
Pulmonary semilunar valve
-right
-Between RV and pulmonary trunk
-3 cusps
-Allow blood to flow from the ventricles
into vessels when ventricles contract
Aortic semilunar valve
- left
-Between LV and the aorta
-3 cusps
-Prevent backflow of blood into
ventricles when ventricles relaxed
Chordae tendineae
-Tiny chords of collagen
-Anchor the cusps of the AV valves to the
ventricle walls
-Arise from the papillary muscles that
project from the myocardial wal
Pericardium
-Outer layer
-Surrounds and protects heart
-Double-walled
i. Fibrous sac lined with Parietal
pericardium
-Pericardial cavity = potential space
filled with serous fluid
ii. Visceral pericardium = Epicardium
outer layer of heart wall
Myocardium
middle layer
Endocardium
inner layer
Coronary arteries
-Arise from the ascending aorta and encircle the
heart
-The main coronary arteries lie in the interventricular and coronary (atrioventricular) sulci
-Blood inside the chambers of the heart does not
provide oxygen to the heart muscle
-The functional blood supply for the heart comes from
the right and left coronary arteries
First heart sound (Lubb)
closure of AV valves at start of ventricular systole (contraction) - 2nd intercostal space
Second heart sound (Dupp)
closure of semilunar valves at the start of ventricular diastole (relaxation) - 5th intercostal space
Murmurs
abnormal heart sounds, often due to a valve disorder in which there is regurgitation of blood
blood pressure cuff spell
sphygmomanometer
Pulse pressure
systolic pressure - diastolic pressure
Mean arterial pressure (MAP)
diastolic BP + 1/3 pulse pressure
