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Head and Neck Lab 2 Quiz > Lab 2 Quiz > Flashcards

Lab 2 Quiz Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 7 bones of the orbital?

A

Zygomatic, Frontal, Lacrimal, Ethomoid, Maxillary, Palatine, Sphenoid

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2
Q

What is a blow-out structure?

A

Fracture of orbital floor into maxillary sinus

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3
Q

What usually causes blow-out fractures?

A

Blunt or penetrating trauma

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4
Q

What is the orbital septum and where is it located?

A

Fibrous membrane that becomes continuous with the periosteum of the orbital margins

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5
Q

What is the significance of the orbital septum?

A

Crucial with penetrating the spread of infection into the orbit

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6
Q

The nasolacrimal duct conveys fluid from ______ to the ______.

A

From lacrimal sac to inferior nasal meatus

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7
Q

What are the 7 extraocular muscles?

A

Levator Palpebrae Superioris, Superior Oblique, Inferior Oblique, Superior Rectus, Inferior Rectus, Medial Rectus, Lateral Rectus

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8
Q

What is the origin of the Levator Palpebrae Superioris?

A

Lesser Wing of Sphenoid

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9
Q

What is the insertion of the Levator Palpebrae Superioris?

A

Superior tarsus and skin of upper eyelid

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10
Q

The superior division of the CN 3 innervates which 2 extraocular muscles?

A

Levator Palpebrae Superioris and Superior Rectus

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11
Q

What is the primary action of the Levator Palpebrae Superioris?

A

Elevation of upper eyelid

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12
Q

What 4 extraocular muscles originate by inserting anterior to equator on the common tendinous ring?

A

All recti muscles. (Superior, Inferior, Medial, Lateral)

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13
Q

What is the insertion of the Superior Rectus?

A

Anterosuperior half of the eye

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14
Q

What are the primary, secondary, and tertiary actions of the superior rectus?

A

elevation, intorsion, adduction (respectively)

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15
Q

What is the insertion of the Inferior Rectus?

A

Anteroinferior half of the eye

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16
Q

What are the primary, secondary, and tertiary actions of the Inferior Rectus?

A

depression, extorsion, adduction (respectively)

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17
Q

What is the insertion of the medial rectus?

A

Anteromedial half of the eye

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18
Q

What is the insertion of the lateral rectus?

A

Anterolateral half of the eye

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19
Q

What is the primary action of the medial rectus?

A

Adduction

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20
Q

What is the primary action of the lateral rectus?

A

Abduction

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21
Q

The inferior division of CN 3 innervates which 3 extraocular muscles?

A

Inferior Rectus and Medial Rectus and Inferior Oblique

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22
Q

The lateral rectus is innervated by _____.

A

CN 6 (Abducens)

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23
Q

What is the origin of the Superior Oblique?

A

Body of the Sphenoid

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24
Q

What is the origin of the Inferior Oblique?

A

Anteromedial floor of the orbit

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25
Q

Which extraocular muscles inserts into the sclera deep to the superior rectus?

A

Superior Oblique

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26
Q

What is the insertion of the inferior oblique?

A

Sclera deep to lateral rectus

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27
Q

Cranial Nerve 4 innervates which extraocular muscle?

A

Superios Oblique

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28
Q

What are the primary, secondary, and tertiary actions of the superior oblique?

A

Intorsion, Depression, Abduction (respectively)

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29
Q

What are the primary, secondary, and tertiary actions of the inferior oblique?

A

Extorsion, Elevation, Abduction (respectively)

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30
Q

Which nerve innervates the inferior oblique?

A

Inferior division of Cranial Nerve 3

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31
Q

Superior Oblique, Inferior Oblique, and Lateral Rectus hold the eye _______.

A

abducted

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32
Q

Superior, Medial, and Inferior Recti hold the eye _____.

A

adducted

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33
Q

When eye is adducted, Superior Oblique_____ and Inferior Oblique _____ the eye.

A

depresses;raises

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34
Q

When eye is abducted, Superior Rectus_____ and Inferior Rectus _____ the eye.

A

raises;depresses

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35
Q

What 3 deviations are expected for Cranial Nerve 3 palsy?

A
  1. Eye is down and out
  2. Dilated Pupil
  3. Complete Ptosis
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36
Q

What 2 deviations are expected for Cranial Nerve 4 palsy?

A
  1. Eye is hyper

2. Head tilts opposite to side of palsy

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37
Q

What deviations are expected for Cranial Nerve 6 palsy?

A
  1. Eye is deviated toward the nose

2. Elevated IOP

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38
Q

Blood supply to the eye is from the __________ artery , which is a branch of the ________ artery.

A

Ophthalmic; Internal Carotid

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39
Q

What are the 10 arteries of the orbit and which structures do they supply?

A
  1. Dorsal Nasal (to terminal branch to root of nose and lacrimal sac)
  2. Central Retinal Artery (pierces CN2 and perfuses retina)
  3. Long Posterior Ciliary Arteries (to ciliary body and iris)
  4. Lacrimal Artery (to lacrimal gland)
  5. Anterior Ethmoidal Artery (to ethmoid air cells, frontal sinus, nasal cavity, external nose)
  6. Medial Palpebral Arteries (to arcades in upper and lower eyelids)
  7. Posterior Ethmoidal Artery (to ethmoid sinuses and nasal cavity)
  8. Supraorbital (to forehead and anterior scalp)
  9. Supratrochlear (to forehead and anterior scalp)
  10. Short Posterior Ciliary Arteries (to choroid)
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40
Q

The Dilator Pupillae and Sphincter Pupillae fibers are oriented in which manner?

A

radial;circumferential (respectively)

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41
Q

T/F: The smooth muscle responsible for dilating the pupil is innervated by the sympathetic system.

A

True.

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42
Q

T/F: The muscle responsible for pupil constriction is innervated by pre-ganglionic parasympathetic fibers.

A

False. (post-ganglionic parasympathetic fibers)

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43
Q

The intraocular lens is composed of what 2 substances?

A

Water and protein

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44
Q

T/F: Cataracts are a result of the breakdown of the lens proteins.

A

True

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45
Q

The vitreous is mostly composed of what 2 substances?

A

Water and collagen

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46
Q

Where is the anterior chamber located?

A

Between the iris and cornea

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47
Q

The central retinal vein drains the _____, leaves through ____, and drains into the _______.

A

Retina; CN 2; Superior ophthalmic vein

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48
Q

How many vorticose veins are typical from each quadrant of the choroid?

A

One per quadrant.

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49
Q

Vorticose veins pierce the _____ and drain into the ______ and ______ ophthalmic veins.

A

sclera; superior; inferior

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50
Q

GVE fibers travel from cranial nerve __, to _____ petrossal nerve, to nerve of _____ canal, to ______ ganglion, to hitchhike with ______ branch, to ______ fissure, to lacrimal nerve, and finally to innervate the ____________.

A

7; greater; pterygoid; pterygopalatine; zygomatic; infraorbital; lacrimal gland

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51
Q

Which 4 bones together form the pterion?

A

Frontal, Temporal, Parietal, Greater Wing of Sphenoid

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52
Q

What is the site of origin of the temporalis muscle?

A

temporal fossa

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53
Q

Which arteries are found in the infra temporal fossa?

A

maxillary

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54
Q

Which nervous soft tissue structures are found in the infratemporal fossa?

A

Mandibular, Inferior Alveolar, Lingual, Buccal, Chorda Tympani

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55
Q

Which ganglion is found in the infra temporal fossa?

A

Otic ganglion

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56
Q

What are the 6 main components of the TMJ?

A

Mandibular Condyle, Articular surface of the temporal bone, Capsule, Articular Disc, ligaments, lateral pterygoid muscle

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57
Q

What is the Articular Disc composed of?

A

fibrocartilage

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58
Q

What are the 4 true muscles of mastication?

A

temporalis, masseter, medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid

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59
Q

All 4 of the 4 true muscles of mastication are innervated by _______.

A

motor root of CN V3 (Mandibular)

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60
Q

What are the 4 accessory muscles of mastication?

A

Digastric muscle, Buccinator, Tongue, Orbicularis Oris

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61
Q

The anterior belly of the digastric muscle is innervated by which nerve?

A

afferents from CN V3 (Mandibular)

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62
Q

The posterior belly of the digastric is innervated by which nerve?

A

efferents from CN 7 (Facial)

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63
Q

Venous drainage of the eye is via superior and inferior _______ artery, this drains into the _____________.

A

ophthalmic ; cavernous sinus

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64
Q

What is the function of the temporalis and masseter muscles?

A

Elevators, retractors

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65
Q

What is the function of the medial pterygoid muscle?

A

Elevator, protractor

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66
Q

What is the function of the lateral pterygoid muscle?

A

Depressor, protractor

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67
Q

What is the buccinator muscle innervated by?

A

Cranial Nerve 7

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68
Q

What is the Orbicularis Oris muscle innervated by?

A

Cranial Nerve 7

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69
Q

What innervates the tongue?

A

Cranial Nerve 9

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70
Q

Where is the fibrocartilage (which makes up the articular disc) located?

A

Between the superior and inferior articular surfaces of the TMJ

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71
Q

List all 7 of the nerves found in the infratemporal fossa.

A
  1. Auricotemporal Nerve 2. Nerve to Mylohyoid
  2. Chorda Tympani 4. Lingual Nerves
  3. Inferior alveolar nerve 6. Muscular branches of CN V3
  4. Buccal Branch of CN V3
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72
Q

List all 4 branches of the maxillary artery.

A

Buccal, Masseter, Middle Meningeal, Infrorbital

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73
Q

What is the name of the groove that runs from the mandibular foramen down towards the bottom of the mandible?

A

Mylohyoid Groove

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74
Q

List all 9 branches of the mandibular artery.

A
  1. Buccal Nerve 2. Auriculotemporal Nerve
  2. Lingual Nerve 4. Meningeal branch
  3. Masseteric Nerve 6. Inferior Alveolar Nerve
  4. Nerve to Lateral Pterygoid 8. Nerve to Medial Pterygoid
  5. Deep Temporal Nerve
75
Q

What is another name for the meningeal branch of mandibular artery?

A

Nervous Spinosus

76
Q

What are the 3 types of tears?

A

Basal, Reflex, Emotional

77
Q

What are the 3 function of basal tears?

A

lubricating, cleaning, removing of bacteria

78
Q

T/F: Basal tears are stimulated by the parasympathetic system.

79
Q

T/F: Reflex tears are from stress.

A

False (from irritation)

80
Q

Where is the Parotid Gland located?

A

Side of the face

81
Q

The submandibular gland is located in the submandibular and ________ spaces.

A

sublingual

82
Q

Which 2 arteries supply the parotid gland?

A

External Carotid and Superficial Temporal

83
Q

Which artery supplies the sumandibular gland?

A

Submental branch of facial artery

84
Q

General afferent innervation and post-ganglionic parasympathetics are distributed to the parotid gland by which nerve?

A

Auriculotemporal nerve

85
Q

General afferent innervation and post-ganglionic parasympathetics are distributed to the submandibular gland by which nerve?

A

Lingual Nerve

86
Q

Preganglionic parasympathetic innervation to the parotid gland is provided by which 2 nerves?

A

Tympanic Nerve and Lesser Petrosal Nerve

87
Q

Preganglionic parasympathetic innervation to the submandibular gland is provided by _____?

A

Chorda Tympanic

88
Q

The sympathetics of the parotid and submandibular occurs through which plexus?

A

External Carotid Artery Plexus

89
Q

What is cavernous sinus thrombosis? (most basic answer)

A

Formation of thrombosis in the cavernous sinus

90
Q

What is cavernous sinus thrombosis caused by?

A

Bacterial Infection

91
Q

The suprahyoid muscles are located in the ______ and _______ triangles.

A

Submental and Submandibular

92
Q

T/F: The suprahyoid muscles raise the mandible and and depress the hyoid bone.

A

False. (raise hyoid and depress mandible)

93
Q

Where are the infra hyoid muscles located?

A

Musuclar triangle

94
Q

What are the 4 suprahyoid muscles?

A
  1. Anterior belly of digastric
  2. Posterior belly of digastric
  3. Stylohyoid
  4. Mylohyoid
  5. Geniohyoid
95
Q

What is the innervation of the Stylohyoid?

A

Cranial Nerve 7

96
Q

What is the innervation of the Mylohoid?

A

efferents from CN V3

97
Q

What is the innervation of the Geniohyoid?

98
Q

The ansa cervicalis innervates which muscles?

A

All 4 infrahyoid muscles.

99
Q

What are the 4 infrahyoid muscles?

A

Omohyoid, Sternohyoid, Sternothyroid, Thyrohyoid

100
Q

What are the 8 direct branches of the external carotid artery?

A
  1. Ascending Pharnygeal Artery 2. Superior Thyroid Artery
  2. Superficial Temporal Artery 4. Facial Artery
  3. Lingual Artery 6. Occipital Artery
  4. Maxillary Artery 8. Posterior Auricular Artery
101
Q

What are the 6 tributaries of the internal jugular vein?

A
  1. Facial Vein
  2. Lingual Vein
  3. Occipital Vein
  4. Middle Thyroid Vein
  5. Pharyngeal Plexus
  6. Superior Thyroid Vein
102
Q

List a few symptoms seen with a blow-out fracture.

A

Diplopia, Up gaze may be inhibited due to inferior rectus entrapment, numbness, enopthalmos,

103
Q

What leaves the middle cranial fossa by traveling throughout he wall of the cavernous sinus?

A

ophthalmic division of trigemnial nerve

104
Q

T/F: The trigeminal nerve has a small sensory root and a long motor root.

A

False. (large sensory and small motor)

105
Q

The trigemnial nerve sits in _____ cave under the _____ in a depression on the petrous part of the ______ bone.

A

Meckel’s; dura; temporal

106
Q

The maxillary division of CN 5 leaves the middle cranial fossa via what structure?

A

Foramen Rotundum

107
Q

T/F: Posterior ethmoidal nerve -general afferents from the sphenoidal sinus and dura of the anterior cranial fossa.

108
Q

T/F: Cranial nerve roots stay separate and never combine into mixed nerves.

109
Q

A fracture in the orbito-sygomatic fracture causes damage to which nerve?

A

Infra-orbital nerve

110
Q

This structure is known as “nothing but the open roof of the pterygopalatine fossa.

A

Infraorbital fissure

111
Q

Where does Cranial Nerve 1 (Olfactory) exit the braincase?

A

Cribiform plate of ethmoid bone

112
Q

Cranial Nerve 1 targets to what location?

A

Nasal Epithelium

113
Q

Where does Cranial Nerve 2 (Optic) exits the braincase?

A

Optic Canal of Sphenoid

114
Q

Which 3 cranial nerves exit the braincase via the superior orbital fissure of sphenoid?

A

CN 3, 4, 6

115
Q

Cranial Nerve 12 (Hypoglossal) exits the braincase at the hypogloassal canal and goes in to the ______.

116
Q

The mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve exits the brain via which structure?

A

Foramen Ovale of Sphenoid

117
Q

Cranial Nerve 7 and 8 together form which larger nerve?

A

Facial vestibulococchlear

118
Q

Where does the facial vestibulococchlear nerve exit the brain?

A

Internal Acoustic Meatus of Petrosal Temporal

119
Q

Where do Cranial Nerves 9 and 10 exit the brain?

A

Between petrous temporal and basioccipital neural portion of jugular foramen

120
Q

The accessory nerve (CN 11) targets which two muscles?

A

trapezius, and sternocleidomastoid

121
Q

Name 4 features of the sphenoid bone.

A

Optic canal, Superior Orbital Fissure, Inferior Orbital Fissure, Pterygoid canal

122
Q

What are the 4 targets of the sympathetics of the oculomotor nerve?

A

Pupillary Dilator, Smooth muscle of blood vessels, smooth muscle of eyelid, sweat glands

123
Q

The facial nerve within the facial canal branches into which 3 nerves?

A

greater petrosal nerve, chorda tympani, auricular

124
Q

The greater petrosal nerve carries pre-ganglionic parasympathetic fibers to which 4 locations?

A

lacrimal gland, mucus gland of the palate, nasal cavity, and nasopharynx

125
Q

Where does the greater petrosal nerve meets with the deep petrosal nerve?

A

Foramen Lacerum

126
Q

The pharyngeal plexus is formed by which two cranial nerves?

A

CN 9 and 10

127
Q

What are carotid bodies?

A

small, browninsh-red, chemoreceptors that monitors the level of oxygen in blood

128
Q

When oxygen levels are low the carotid body reacts initiating a reflex that increases what 3 factors?

A

increases respiration, cardiac rate, and blood pressure

129
Q

What is the most common form of facial pain that may last a few seconds to a few hours?

A

trigeminal neuralgia

130
Q

A lesion in the trigeminal nerve can results in what effects?

A
  1. paralysis of muscles of mastication
  2. deviation of jaw to affected side
  3. anesthesia of the face
  4. loss of corneal reflex
  5. loss of sneezing reflex
131
Q

A facial nerve lesion at/distal to stylomastoid foramen results in what kind of impairment?

A

Bell’s Palsy

132
Q

A facial nerve lesion distal to geniculate ganglion but proximal to the branching of the chord tympani results in what kind of impairments?

A

Bell’s Palsy, decrease in salivation, loss of taste from a interior 2/3 of tongue, some hyperacusis

133
Q

A facial nerve lesion at/proximal to geniculate ganglion results in what kind of impairments?

A

Bell’s Palsy, decrease in salivation, loss of taste from anterior 2/3 of tongue, loss of lacrimation, some hyperacusis

134
Q

A facial nerve lesion in the infratemporal fossa, injury of the lingual nerve proximal to the junction with the chorda tympani results in what kind of impairments?

A

anesthesia of anterior 2/3 of tongue, anesthesia of the floor of the mouth, and anesthesia of lingual gums

135
Q

A facial nerve lesion in the infratemporal fossa, injury of the chorda tympani nerve prior to junction with lingual nerve results in what kind of impairments?

A

decrease in salivation, loss of taste from most of the tongue on affected side

136
Q

A facial nerve lesion in the orbit causing injury tot he communicating branch from the zygomatic nerve results in what kind of impairment?

A

loss of lacrimation

137
Q

A facial nerve lesion in the orbit injuring the zygomatic nerve results in what kind of impairments?

A

loss in lacrimation, facial anesthesia of the upper cheek and anterior temple.

138
Q

What are the symptoms of a lesion in the glossopharyngeal nerve?

A

loss of taste from posterior 1/3. of the tongue, and loss of gag reflex in the affected side.

139
Q

Which condition includes severe pain in the back of the tongue/throat, tonsillar area, and middle ear lasting from a few seconds to minutes?

A

Glossopharyngeal neuralgia

140
Q

A lesion in the pharyngeal branch of the vagus nerve results in what impairments?

A

impairment of speaking/swallowing, results in disphagia,

141
Q

A lesion in the laryngeal branch of the vagus nerve results in what impairments?

A

hoarseness, disphoria if unilateral and aphoria if bilateral.

142
Q

What is the Jugular Foramen Syndrome?

A

unilateral impairment of cranial nerves 9, 10, and 11 caused by penetrating neck injuries, basilar skull fractures or glomus jugular tumors at the jugular foramen.

143
Q

Which nerve is responsible suspending the ciliary ganglion and distributing post-ganglionic sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers to the smooth muscle of the eyeball.

A

Nasociliary nerve

144
Q

T/F: The supra- trochlear and supra-orbital nerves both exit the orbit onto the face.

145
Q

The Frontal nerve splits into which two nerves?

A

Supra-trochlear and Supra-orbital Nerve

146
Q

Long and short ciliary nerve have general afferents from _____ and _____ and visceral efferents to the ______ of the eye.

A

cornea; conjunctiva; smooth muscle

147
Q

Which nerves is responsible for general afferents from the sphenoid sinus and dura of anterior cranial fossa?

A

Posterior Ethmoidal Nerves

148
Q

Which nerves is responsible for general afferents from ethmoidal air cells, anterior and superior area of nasal cavity, tip of nose, and dura of the anterior cranial fossa.

A

Anterior Ethmoidal Nerves

149
Q

Which nerve originates from CN 5, exits the middle cranial fossa through the foreman rotundum, through the pterygopalatine fossa and exiting as infraorbital nerve?

A

Maxillary Nerve

150
Q

Just deep to the mucosa of the maxillary sinus the posterior superior alveolar nerve joins with what?

A

Superior Dental Plexus

151
Q

What 3 terminal branches does the infraorbital nerve divide into?

A

Nasal, Palpebral, and Superior labial branches

152
Q

What is the function of the nasopalatine nerve?

A

supplies the mucosa and gingival of the incisor teeth.

153
Q

Which nerve passes posterior to the TMJ and superiorly through the parotid gland?

A

Auriculotemporal nerve

154
Q

T/F: Buccal nerve innervates the Buccinator Muscle.

A

False. (passes along and pierces buccinator, but does not innervate it)

155
Q

What are the 2 terminal branches of the inferior dental plexus?

A

Incisive nerve and mental nerve

156
Q

What is the first branch given off of the facial nerve?

A

Greater Petrosal Nerve

157
Q

Postganglionic parasympathetic and sympathetic fibers reach the lacrimal gland through which branch of which nerve?

A

communicating branch of the zygomatic nerve (which communicates with lacrimal nerve)

158
Q

Which 2 cranial nerves carry visceral afferents from the carotid body/carotid sinus and participate in the gag and swallow reflex?

A

Glossopharyngeal and Vagua

159
Q

What are the branches of CN 9?

A

Tympanic branch and Pharyngeal branches, and carotid sinus branch

160
Q

Which nerves carry general afferents from the mucus membrane of the oropharynx?

A

Pharyngeal branches of CN 9

161
Q

What is the name for the cartilage and membranous tube connecting the pharynx and the middle ear?

A

Pharyngotympanic tube (A.K.A Eustachian tube)

162
Q

Where does the facial canal end?

A

At stylomastoid foramen

163
Q

CN 10 (Vagus) carries general Afferents from what three areas?

A

Skin of deep ear and EAM, Dura of posterior cranial fossa, and mucosa of larynx/laryngopharynx

164
Q

CN 10 carries visceral Afferents from what areas?

A

Aortic arch and para-aortic body, carotid body/sinus, thoracic and abdominal viscera

165
Q

CN 10 carries general Efferents to what muscles?

A

Muscles of pharynx, most muscles of soft palate, and laryngeal muscles

166
Q

CN 10 carries visceral Efferents for what areas?

A

Mucosal gland of the larynx and laryngopharynx, thoracic and abdominal viscera

167
Q

Which nerve branch conveys visceral Afferents containing information about blood pressure and partial pressure of oxygen and carbon dioxide in blood?

A

Carotid Body Branch of Vagus Nerve in the neck.

168
Q

The superior laryngeal nerve divides into which two branches?

A

Internal and External laryngeal branches

169
Q

T/F: Cardiac branches of vagus nerve supply post-ganglionic sympathetic innervation to the cardiac plexus.

A

False: (they supply PRE-ganglionic PARA-sympathetic innervation)

170
Q

General Afferents from the root of the nose use which nerve?

A

Infratrochlear Nerve

171
Q

Posterior Superior Alveolar Nerve carries general Afferents from ______ and _______.

A

Maxillary Molar Teeth; buccal gingivae

172
Q

T/F: Anterior Superior Alveolar Nerve supplies parts of the nasal floor and walls.

173
Q

Which 2 sinuses are supplied by contributed branches of the orbital branches of the pterygopalatine ganglion?

A

Ethmoidal and Sphenoidal

174
Q

The pharyngeal branch leaves the pterygopalatine fossa through which structure to supply what area?

A

palatovaginal canal ; supplies the mucosa and glands of the nasopharynx.

175
Q

The posterior superior lateral nasal nerves pass through what structure and supply what area?

A

sphenopalatine foramen ; supplies lateral wall of the nasal cavity

176
Q

Which nerve carries general Afferents from the chin, lower lip, lower teeth and anterior buccal gingival?

A

Inferior Alveolar Nerve

177
Q

The Facial Nerve provides visceral Efferent fibers (pre-gang parasym) for which 3 areas?

A
  1. lacrimal gland of the orbit
  2. mucus glands of the nasal cavity
  3. mucus and salivary glands in oral cavity.
178
Q

Given off just superior tot the stylomastoid foramen, this nerve carries general Afferents from the EAM and skin to deep part of ear.

A

Auricular Branch of Facial Nerve within facial canal

179
Q

Which 2 branches of CN 10 are within the jugular foramen?

A

Meningeal and Auricular Branches

180
Q

This branch of the Vagus nerve, located in the neck, carries general Afferents from where?

A

superior part of the larynx and piriform recess

181
Q

This branch of the Vagus nerve located in the neck, carries general Efferents to where?

A

Cricothyroid and Inferior Pharyngeal Constrictor Muscle

182
Q

Where is the left recurrent laryngeal nerve given off of the Vagus Nerve?

A

In the thorax

183
Q

Where is the right recurrent laryngeal nerve given off of the Vagus Nerve?

A

In the root of the neck

Head and Neck Lab 2 Quiz (1 decks)

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