Lab #2: Protists

Question 1

Domain: Eukarya

Answer 1

• 4 kingdoms in this domain (Protista, Plantae, Animalia, Fungi)
• organisms are composed of eukaryotic cells
• genetic material is in linear chromosomes
• membrane-bound nucleus, and organelles
• cytoskeleton

Question 2

Phylum: Amoebozoa

Answer 2

• animal-like protists that move via pseudopods
• live in freshwater, soil, or inside animals
• unicellular

ex: Amoeba

Question 3

R.O. - Amoeba

Answer 3

Domain: Eukarya, Kingdom: Protista, Phylum: Amoebozoa, Genus: Amoeba

• unicellular, heterotrophic
• lives in freshwater
• uses pseudopods for movement, and phagocytosis (engulfing prey)
• reproduces asexually by mitosis

Question 4

Phylum: Ciliophora (ciliates)

Answer 4

• animal-like protists
• have hair-like structures, cilia, for locomotion
• 2 types of nuclei, and a cellular mouth for food ingestion

ex: paramecium

Question 5

R.O. - Paramecium

Answer 5

Domain: Eukarya, Kingdom: Protista, Phylum: Ciliophora, Genus: Paramecium

• unicellular
• pellicle - firm, flexible covering
• oral grove leading to the cell mouth
• two contractile vacuoles (one at either end of cell), to maintain water balance within cell
• large macronucleus, and small micronuclei
• reproduces sexually by conjugation, and asexually by mitosis

Question 6

Phylum: Chlorophyta (Green Algae)

Answer 6

• eukaryotic, plant-like protists
• presence of 2 pigments (chlorophyll a and b) in their chloroplasts
• mostly live in freshwater, some in marine

ex: Micrasterias

Question 7

R.O. - Micrasterias

Answer 7

Domain: Eukarya, Kingdom: Protista, Phylum: Chlorophyta, Genus: Micrasterias

• freshwater, unicellular algae
• cell wall prevents the organism form bursting when water enters by osmosis
• moves slowly, by secreting mucilage from its pores
• reproduces sexually by conjugation, and asexually by mitosis

Question 8

Phylum: Phaeophyta (Brown Algae)

Answer 8

• plant-like protist, relatively large, multicellular
• autotrophic, uses photosynthesis
• photosynthetic pigments chlorophyll c1 and c2, and brown pigment fucoxanthin
• marine phylum

ex: Fucus

Question 9

R.O. - Fucus

Answer 9

Domain: Eukarya, Kingdom: Protista, Phylum: Phaeophyta, Genus: Fucus

• lives on marine shorelines, exposed to air at low tide
• pneumatocysts - serve to keep the algal floating at high tide
• holdfasts - used to attach themselves to rocks
• thallus - the body
• receptacles - swollen tips on the end of some branches
• tiny bumps on receptacles provide opening to conceptacle, where gametes are produced