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BIO 446L Lab > Lab 2/Lab 3 > Flashcards

Lab 2/Lab 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Axial skeleton

A

Articulates pelvic girdle and serves as the attachment site for muscular sling that holds shoulder girdle; protects major organs

Head, neck, thoracic cage, spine

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2
Q

Appendicular skeleton

A

Supports the attachments and functions of the arms and legs

Appendages, clavicle, pelvis

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3
Q

Cervical spine

A

C01 (Atlas)-C07

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4
Q

Thoracic spine

A

T01-T12

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5
Q

Lumbar spine

A

L01-L05

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6
Q

Sacrum

A

S01-S05

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7
Q

True ribs

A

Attach directly to the sternum and are the first seven ribs that form part of the thoracic cage, have intercostal cartilage

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8
Q

False ribs

A

The five inferior pairs of ribs that have shared costal cartilage

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9
Q

Sternal angle (manubriosternal joint)

A

It marks the point at which the costal cartilages of the second rib articulate with the sternum. This is particularly useful when counting ribs to identify landmarks as rib one is often impalpable.

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10
Q

Inspiratory muscles

A

Diaphragm, External intercostal, Serratus anterior

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11
Q

Expiratory muscles

A

Internal intercostal, Serratus posterior inferior

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12
Q

Main body cavities

A

Cranial, thoracic, abdominal, pelvic

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13
Q

Cranial cavity

A

Contains the brain and spinal cord

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14
Q

Thoracic cavity

A

Separated from the abdomen by the diaphragm

Contains three sacs, two for the lungs (pleural sacs) and one for the heart (pericardial sac)

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15
Q

Abdominal cavity

A

No major separation between abdomen and pelvis. Thus these cavities are usually referred to as the abdominopelvic cavity

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16
Q

Reversed prompt

Articulates pelvic girdle and serves as the attachment site for muscular sling that holds shoulder girdle; protects major organs

Head, neck, thoracic cage, spine

A

Axial skeleton

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17
Q

Reversed prompt

Supports the attachments and functions of the arms and legs

Appendages, clavicle, pelvis

A

Appendicular skeleton

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18
Q

Reversed prompt

C01 (Atlas)-C07

A

Cervical spine

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19
Q

Reversed prompt

T01-T12

A

Thoracic spine

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20
Q

Reversed prompt

L01-L05

A

Lumbar spine

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21
Q

Reversed prompt

S01-S05

A

Sacrum

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22
Q

Reversed prompt

Attach directly to the sternum and are the first seven ribs that form part of the thoracic cage, have intercostal cartilage

A

True ribs

23
Q

Reversed prompt

The five inferior pairs of ribs that have shared costal cartilage

A

False ribs

24
Q

Reversed prompt

It marks the point at which the costal cartilages of the second rib articulate with the sternum. This is particularly useful when counting ribs to identify landmarks as rib one is often impalpable.

A

Sternal angle (manubriosternal joint)

25
Q

Reversed prompt

Diaphragm, External intercostal, Serratus anterior

A

Inspiratory muscles

26
Q

Reversed prompt

Internal intercostal, Serratus posterior inferior

A

Expiratory muscles

27
Q

Reversed prompt

Cranial, thoracic, abdominal, pelvic

A

Main body cavities

28
Q

Reversed prompt

Contains the brain and spinal cord

A

Cranial cavity

29
Q

Reversed prompt

Separated from the abdomen by the diaphragm

Contains three sacs, two for the lungs (pleural sacs) and one for the heart (pericardial sac)

A

Thoracic cavity

30
Q

Reversed prompt

No major separation between abdomen and pelvis. Thus these cavities are usually referred to as the abdominopelvic cavity

A

Abdominal cavity

31
Q

Structures that go through the foramen magnum

A

Vertebral arteries, anterior and posterior spinal arteries, the tectorial membranes and alar ligaments

32
Q

Significance of the foramen magnum

A

The foramen magnum functions as a passage of the central nervous system through the skull connecting the brain with the spinal cord. On either side of the foramen magnum is an occipital condyle.

33
Q

Name of the folds on the cerebrum and the grooves between the folds

A

Gyrus and the grooves between the folds are called sulci

34
Q

Midbrain function

A

Motor movement, particularily movements of the eye, and in auditory and visual processing

35
Q

Cerebrum function

A

Initiates and coordinates movement and regulates temperature

36
Q

Cerebellum function

A

Maintenance of balance and posture

37
Q

Pons function

A

Generating the respiratory of breathing

38
Q

Medulla Oblongota function

A

Transmitting signals between the spinal cord and higher parts of the brain and in controlling autonomic activities, such as heartbeat and respiration

39
Q

CSF is found in large chambers called

A

ventricles

40
Q

Sinuses of the skull

A

Two frontal sinuses, two maxillary sinuses, sphenoid sinus, and ethmoid sinus

41
Q

Purpose of the sinuses

A

Regulate temperature of the air you breathe

Make the skull lighter

Produce mucus that moisturizes and protects the nose

42
Q

What is the purpose of the costal facets of the thoracic vertebrae?

A

Joins the ribs to the transverse processes of the vertebrae

43
Q

What are the distinguishing characteristics of cervical vertebrae?

A

small size, transverse foramina, saddle-shaped body, and bifid spinous process

44
Q

What passes through the foramen magnum?

A

Vertebral arteries, medulla oblongata, tectorial membranes and alar ligaments

45
Q

Reversed prompt

Motor movement, particularily movements of the eye, and in auditory and visual processing

A

Midbrain function

46
Q

Reversed prompt

Initiates and coordinates movement and regulates temperature

A

Cerebrum function

47
Q

Reversed prompt

Maintenance of balance and posture

A

Cerebellum function

48
Q

Reversed prompt

Generating the respiratory of breathing

A

Pons function

49
Q

Reversed prompt

Transmitting signals between the spinal cord and higher parts of the brain and in controlling autonomic activities, such as heartbeat and respiration

A

Medulla Oblongota function

50
Q

Diaphragm

A

Inspiratory muscle

Origin: Xiphoid process, cartilages of ribs (7-12), anterior surfaces of lumbar vertebrae

Insertion: Central tendon that blends with the anterior longitudinal ligament of vertebral column

Action: Expands thoracic cavity

Innervation: Phrenic nerve

51
Q

External intercostal

A

Inspiratory muscle

Origin: Lower border of ribs

Insertion: Upper border of ribs below 2-12

Action: Elevation of ribs

Innervation: Intercostal nerves

52
Q

Serratus anterior

A

Inspiratory muscle

Origin: Ribs 1-9

Insertion: Medial border of the scapula

Action: Depression, abduction, and upward rotation

Innervation: Long thoracic nerve

53
Q

Internal intercostal

A

Expiratory muscle

Origin: Superior border of ribs 2-12

Insertion: Inferior border of the ribs above 1-11

Action: Depression of the ribs

Innervation: Intercostal nerves

54
Q

Serratus posterior inferior

A

Expiratory muscle

Origin: Supraspinal ligaments and spinous processes of vertebrae

Insertion: Lover border of the ribs 9-12

Action: Depression of the ribs

Innervation: Intercostal nerves

BIO 446L Lab (9 decks)

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