Lab 2: Enzymes and Spectrophotometry Flashcards
Enzymes
Biological catalysts that increase rates of biochemical reactions
Activation Energy
Energy required for a reaction to occur
Substrate
Reactant that binds to the active site of an enzyme
Product
Molecule formed by the conversion of a substrate by an enzyme
Enzyme-Substrate Complex
Binding of enzyme and substrate to facilitate a chemical change
Enzyme Kinetics
Study of how fast an enzyme converts substrate to products
Enzyme Activity
Rate or velocity of a reaction catalyzed by an enzyme
Spectrophotometry
Measurement of light absorption by a substance
Standard Curve
Graph showing the relationship between absorbance and concentration
Absorbance
Amount of light absorbed by a substance
Concentration
Amount of a substance in a given volume
β-Galactosidase
Enzyme that breaks down lactose into glucose and galactose
Lactose Intolerance
Inability to digest lactose due to low levels of β-galactosidase
ONPG
Artificial substrate for β-galactosidase activity measurement
ortho-Nitrophenyl-β-galactoside
o-Nitrophenol
Pale yellow product formed by the hydrolysis of ONPG
o-Nitrophenolate
Dark yellow product formed by the conversion of o-nitrophenol using Alkine solution such as Sodium carbonate
Dilutions
Mixing a volume of a stock solution with a volume of diluent
Dilution Factor
Total volume of a solution divided by the volume of the original solution and the volume of dilutent
(volume of solution) / (volume of solution + dilutent)
Fixed Volumes
Specific volumes of known concentration prepared from stock solutions
V1C1 = V2C2
