Lab 2: Connective Tissue, Nervous Tissue, and Muscle

Question 1

Functions of Connective TIssue

Answer 1

Binds
Supports
Protects
Insulates
Transports

Question 2

General Characteristics of Connective Tissue

Answer 2

• Few, widely spaced cells.
• Cells produce and are surrounded by extracellular matrix which is made of:
  a. interstitial fluid: “glue”
  b. fibers (proteins): strength & support; 3 types:
  i. Collagen: strength; resist stretching
  ii. Elastic: recoil; return to original shape
  iii. Reticular: support immune cells

Question 3

Collagen Fibers

Answer 3

Strength & Resist Stretching

Question 4

Elastic Fibers

Answer 4

Recoil & Return to Original Shape

Question 5

Reticular Fibers

Answer 5

Support Immune Cells

Question 6

Interstitial Fluid

Answer 6

“Glue”

Question 7

Fibers (Proteins)

Answer 7

Strength & Support

3 Types
Collagen, Elastic, Reticular

Question 8

Mesenchyme

Answer 8

Is embryonic connective tissue – all the different types of connective tissue started as mesenchyme.

Question 9

Differentiation

Answer 9

During embryonic development, exposure to different chemical signals caused each mesenchymal cell to follow one of four possible developmental pathways becoming:
Fibroblasts, Chondroblasts, Osteoblasts, Hemocytoblasts

Question 10

Blasts

Answer 10

Young immature cells. They will continue their development to become the four types of mature connective tissue.

Question 11

Fibroblasts

Answer 11

Connective Tissue Proper (Matured)

Question 12

Chondroblasts

Answer 12

Cartilage (Matured)

Question 13

Osteoblasts

Answer 13

Bone (Matured)

Question 14

Hemocytoblasts

Answer 14

Blood Cells (Matured)

Question 15

Connective Tissue Proper is…

Answer 15

Classified by amount of Fiber in E.C. Matrix

Question 16

Loose Connective Tissue

Answer 16

-Few fibers in E.C. matrix; widely spaced.

3 types: Areolar, Adipose, Reticular

Question 17

Areolar Loose C.T.

Answer 17

Cushions organs; underlies epithelium.

Question 18

Adipose Loose C.T.

Answer 18

Stores fat, insulates, supports, organs.

Question 19

Reticular Loose C.T.

Answer 19

Supports lymphatic structures

Question 20

Dense Connective Tissue

Answer 20

Many tightly packed fibers; minimal fluid.

2 Types: Regular & Irregular

Question 21

Regular Dense C.T.

Answer 21

• Parallel collagen fibers
• Resists unidirectional stress
• Ligaments & tendons.

Question 22

Irregular Dense C.T.

Answer 22

• Collagen fibers in many directions
• Resists multidirectional stress
• Dermis, GI tract, fibrous joint capsules.

Question 23

Types of Cartilage

Answer 23

Hyaline Cartilage

Fibrocartilage

Question 24

How is Cartilage Classified?

Answer 24

Type & Density of Fibers in E.C. Matrix

Question 25

Hyaline Cartilage

Answer 25

• Collagen
• Supports, resists compression; embryonic skeleton, ends of long bones, between ribs & sternum, nose, trachea, larynx.

Question 26

Fibrocartilage

Answer 26

• Dense collagen fibers
• Resists compression & stretch
• Intervertebral discs, meniscus, pubic symphysis.

Question 27

Tissue Repair

Answer 27

• Regeneration
• Fibrosis
• Individual tissues vary in the degree to which they regenerate

Question 28

Regeneration

Answer 28

Replacement of destroyed tissue with the same type of tissue.

Question 29

Fibrosis

Answer 29

Replacement of destroyed tissue with fibrous connective tissue (scar tissue).

Question 30

Steps in Tissue Repair

Answer 30

Inflammation
Organization
Regeneration & Fibrosis

Question 31

High Regenerative Capacity

Answer 31

Epithelium
Bone
Areolar C.T.
Dense Irregular C.T.

Question 32

No Functional Regenerative Capacity

Answer 32

Cardiac Muscle

Nervous Tissue