LAB 2 Flashcards
Term:
is a common congenital defect in dogs, and it occurs less commonly in cats. Persistent flow through the ductus leads to excess blood flow (volume overload) to the pulmonary circulation and left heart chambers, most commonly leading to left CHF within the first 1–2 years of life
Patent Ductus Arterious (PDA)
Term:
is a congenital cardiac defect noted in both the dog and cat. While they are uncommon in dogs, they are the most common cardiac congenital defect diagnosed in cats
Ventricular Septal Defects (VSD)**
CATS
Term:
are a type of congenital cardiac defect occasionally diagnosed in dogs and cats. They appear to be more common in cats where they are often diagnosed with other concurrent congenital cardiac defects.
Atrial septal defects (ASDs)**
CATS
Term:
is an uncommon but complex congenital defect comprised of pulmonic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, right ventricular hypertrophy, and overriding aorta. Clinical signs vary depending on the severity of pulmonic stenosis and the degree of right-to-left shunting
Tetralogy of Fallot
Term:
is a problem that affects dogs and is rare in cats. It most commonly occurs in large-breed dogs. Appears to be genetic in origin; the first signs of it may be present at birth (moderate or severe cases) or may appear in the first year of life (usually milder cases)
Subaortic stenosis
Term:
is one of the most common congenital heart defects in dogs. It consists of a malformation of the Pulmonic valve leading to obstruction to the flow of blood from the heart into the lungs. This a hereditary condition, hence breeding of affected animals is highly discouraged.
Pulmonary valve stenosis
Term:
describes a developmental malformation of the mitral or tricuspid valve allowing a backflow (regurgitation) of blood back into the left atrium (mitral valve dysplasia) or the right atrium (tricuspid valve dysplasia)
Mitral and tricuspid dysplasia (Atrioventricular (AV) valve dysplasia)
Term:
is the most commonly diagnosed cardiac disease in cats. Is a condition that causes the muscular walls of a cat’s heart to thicken, decreasing the heart’s efficiency and sometimes creating symptoms in other parts of the body
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)**
CATS
Term:
is a disease of cats. This disease is seen in middle-aged and older cats. Is a disease where the heart becomes scarred and stiff. This scarring may be the end stage of a thickened heart
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy RCM**
CATS
Term:
As a result of this degeneration, the muscle becomes thinner, particularly the thick muscle wall of the left ventricle. The pressure of the blood inside the heart causes these thin walls to stretch resulting in a much larger heart
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)
Term:
is a slowly progressive degeneration that usually affects the mitral valve in the heart. This abnormal backward leaving of the blood through the valve, called regurgitation, causes a heart murmur which can be detected by your veterinarian with a stethoscope
Degenerative valve disease
Term:
refers to an infection of a heart valve. While it can affect any of the heart valves, the most commonly affected valves are the mitral and aortic valves. Occurs when bacteria enter the bloodstream and lodge on the valves of the heart
Endocarditis
Term:
is inflammation of any of the layers of the pericardium. The pericardium is a thin tissue sac that surrounds the heart and consists of Visceral pericardium – an inner layer that envelopes the entire heart
Pericardial disease
Term:
is a rare, abnormal growth that develops in the heart. Can occur in any location, such as on the valves, within the heart muscle, inside a chamber, or around the heart
Cardiac tumors
Term:
is a genetic disease in the Boxer dog and generally will develop in middle age (5-7 years of age). This disease affects the heart muscle and causes the replacement of the normal heart muscle with fatty and fibrous tissue.
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC)
