Lab 2 Flashcards
1
Q
Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD)
A
- Measures the organic matter that can be decomposed
- Measures the oxygen
- A system that uses water samples from a discrete depth collected for a known period of time to assess rates of photosynthesis and respiration
- More Organic C = higher BOD
- Quantitative
2
Q
Productivity
A
- Measure of rate
3
Q
Production
A
- Measure of mass
- e.g. biomass
4
Q
LB
A
- Light bottle
- Allows for both photosynthesis and respiration to occur
5
Q
DB
A
- Dark bottle
- Only allows for respiration to occur
6
Q
IB
A
- Initial bottle
- The initial concentration of oxygen at time = zero
7
Q
IB - DB
A
- Respiratory activity per unit volume per time interval
- e.g. per hour
8
Q
LB - IB
A
- Net photosynthetic activity per unit volume per time interval
9
Q
(LB - IB) + (IB - DB)
A
- Gross photosynthetic activity
10
Q
QUBS
A
- Queen’s University Biological Station
11
Q
Eckman Dredge
A
- Samples benthos
- Its a box with jaws
- Mostly shallow zones
- Qualitative - because it leaks, don’t know the exact volume
12
Q
Secchi Disk
A
- Black and white flat disk
- 20 cm in diameter
- Looks at the amount of suspended sediments
- Approximate measure of water transparency
- Qualitative
13
Q
Plankton Net
A
- Catches plankton in a net (holes are 64 um)
- Qualitative - we don’t know the amount of water that can get through - if we put a flow meter on it and tracked distance it could be quantitative
- There is a cup at the end
- Major drawback is that algae smaller than the mesh size of the net will pass through and not be collected
14
Q
Van Dorn Sampler
A
- Takes water samples at specific depths
- Used for water chemistry - can be used to look at dissolved oxygen
- Quantitative - has a known volume
15
Q
Schindler Trap
A
- Collects zooplankton at various depths by using a box to capture water at a certain depth and as it is pulled back up to the surface the water runs through a net and the zooplankton is caught
- Quantitative
16
Q
VSI (YSI) meter
A
- A box with a cable, measures oxygen concentration, salinity, temperature, conductivity of lake water at a specific depth
- Quantitative
17
Q
Sediment Core and Extruder
A
- A long tube that keeps the structure of the sediments removed from a lake
- Used for paleolimnology
- There is a debate on whether it is qualitative or quantitative
18
Q
Light and Dark Bottles Underwater
A
- Measures the BOD, photosynthetic activity
19
Q
Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)
A
- How much oxygen is oxidizable in water
- Uses strong oxidizers
- Will be higher than the BOD
20
Q
Winkler Titration
A
- Used it to calculate the rate of production in the BOD bottles - how much oxygen is produced/photosynthetic rate
- Also known as a alkalinity titration
21
Q
Oxygen solubility decreases as…
A
- Temperature increases
22
Q
Metabolism increases as…
A
- Temperature increases
23
Q
Buffering Capacity
A
- Capacity to accept proton that shift the pH of the water to alkaline or neutral
24
Q
Phenolphalein
A
- Weak acid
- Used to determine that we are past the last endpoint (on the DNA like graph)
- Will turn blue
25
Q
Bromeresol Green
A
- Weak acid
- Used to determine that we are past the first endpoint (on the DNA like graph)
26
Q
Alkalinity
A
- Indication of the buffering capacity of the lake
- Nature of alkalinity is usually determined by the presence of bicarbonates, carbonates and hydroxide
- results from the dissolution of carbonate rocks in water forming bicarbonate solutions
- Decreases with depth
27
Q
Conductivity Meter
A
- Probes the surface of a lake and measures water temperature, pH and specific conductance
28
Q
Specific Conductance
A
- Measured as the reciprocal of the resistance of a solution to electrical flow
- Measured by conductivity meter
29
Q
Phytoplankton
A
- Free-floating algae in the water column
30
Q
Net Plankton
A
- Algae caught in a plankton net
31
Q
Nanoplankton
A
- Plankton that is small enough to pass through a plankton net
32
Q
Alkalinity Calculation Equation
A
- Amount of weak acid x 10
33
Q
Limestone
A
- Can increase the buffering capacity
34
Q
What is the bedrock related to?
A
- Conductivity, pH, alkalinity
35
Q
Bedrock that the lake sits on matters…
A
- Carbonate-rich rocks (e.g. limestone) provide lots of buffering capacity and weather easily
- Igneous rocks do not (e.g. granite)
