Lab

Question 1

Urinalysis - USG method

Answer 1

1. Wear gloves!!!
2. place 2-3 drops on prism and dry to calibrate to 1.000 USG
3. Gently invert urine sample
4. pipette 1-2 drops onto
   prism surface, close to cover
5. read and record USG
6. Clean refractometer
7. dispose of PPE and contaminated materials into clinical waste

Question 2

Normal USG ranges

Answer 2

Cat: 1.035- 1.060
Dog: 1.015- 1.045

Question 3

Urinalysis- Dipstick method

Answer 3

1. List chemicals on a piece of paper before starting
2. Wear gloves!!!
3. Check date, select a test strip, replace lid immediately
4. Gently invert sample
5. use pipette to cover each pad and immediately note the time
6. wait for specified time to elapse, and record measurements on paper
7. Dispose of dipstick, contaminated materials & PPE into clinical waste

Question 4

Urinalysis - microscopy method

Answer 4

1. Wear gloves!!!
2. gently invert urine sample
3. centrifuge at 1500rpm for 5 mins
4. remove supernatant, leave a few drops to re-suspend sediment
5. re-suspend by flicking base of tube
6. Add stain in require, pipette a drop onto clean microscopic slide
7. gently placed coverslip, avoid air bubbles
8. dispose of pipette and used materials
9. use battlement technique, examine with x10, x40
10. record any findings and relevent vernier scales

Question 5

Blood analysis- PCV method

Answer 5

1. Wear gloves!!
2. select EDTA sample
3. gently invert to mix
4. insert capillary tube and fill 3/4
5. place finger over end of tube, or keep horizontal to prevent leakage
6. remove tube from sample, wipe outside of tube wit tissue and dispose of tissue
7. plug one end of slay
8. place in centrifuge with plug facing outwards
9. 10,000 rpm for 5 minutes
10. Read sample wit Hawksley PCV reader

Question 6

Normal PCV

Answer 6

Dog- 37-55%
Cat- 24-45%

Question 7

Blood Analysis- total solids method

Answer 7

1. Can use spun EDTA plasma
2. Dab microhaematocrit tube of EDTA plasma onto a calibrated refractometer.
3. Read from ‘serum P’ scale (typically left scale)
4. Measurement is g/100ml, so must be x10 to give g/litre.

Question 8

Normal Total Solid ranges

Answer 8

60-75 g/l

Question 9

Blood Analysis - Blood smear method

Answer 9

1. Wear gloves

2.Select slide and clean with ethanol and lint free swab

3.Select EDTA sample and gently invert

4. Use a capillary/ microheamatocrit tube to draw up a small amount of blood
5. Use capillary tube to place a small ‘dot’ of blood onto slide. Tube into sharps.
6. Select a clean spreader slide
7. Draw spreader back at 45 degree angle into dot of blood, and push away in a smooth, single motion
8. Air dry, and label slide
9. Stain if required
10. Appraise slide quality

11.Place into transport container