Lab 12-15 Flashcards
What species cause Gastroenteritis?
Salmonella Shingella Campylobacter Vibrio Rotavirus Norovirus
What are the symptoms and treatment for Gastroenteritis?
Symptoms: Diarrhea, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, fever, dysentery
Treatment: treat the symptoms and replace fluid and electrolytes. Also can use Trymethropin and Ampicillin
Salmonellosis:
What is the species, symptoms, and treatment?
Species= Salmonella typhi (enteric fever)
Symptoms= Severe headache, high temperature, intestinal abscesses & rupture, shock, death
Treatment= treat symptoms, can use Fluroquinoiones & cephalosporins
Cholera:
What is the species, symptoms, and treatment?
Species= Vibrio Cholerae
Symptoms= vomiting, watery/ rice-stool diarrhea
Toxin= exotoxin
Treatment= replace fluids and electrolytes
Ulcers and Gastritis:
Species, symptoms, treatment
Species= Helicobacter pylori
Symptoms=
Gastritis- vomiting, nausea, stomach upset, gnawing or burning pain with eating
Ulcers- similar to Gastritis but with vomiting of blood, black stool and unexpected weight loss
Treatment= antibiotics and Antiacids
UTIS:
Species, symptoms, treatment
Species= any bacteria
Symptoms= burning pain with urination, urgent sensation to void and frequent small amounts
Treatment= tryothoprim and ciprofloxacin
What is urethritis?
Inflammation of the urethra
What is cytisis?
Inflammation of the bladder
What is pyelonephritis?
Inflammation of the kidney
-most severe
Gonorrhea:
Species, symptoms, treatment
Species= Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Symptoms= pus with urination, cervicitis (women), PID
Treatment= antibiotics Azithromycin and Leftriaxone
Chlamydia:
Species, symptoms, treatment
Species= chlamydia trachomatis
Symptoms= latent, may take weeks. Vaginal/penial discharge, burning with urination, PID, neonatal conjunctivitis
Treatment= Azithromycin, Doxycycline, Erthromycin with pregnancy
Syphilis:
Species, symptoms, treatment
Species= treponema pallidum
Symptoms=
Primary- chancres on genitals
Secondary- rash on trunk and spreads to the rest of the body, muscle aches, fever, sore throat, swollen lymph nodes
Tertiary- lesions on the genitals
Treatment= penicillin or axithromycin
Human Papilloma virus:
Species, symptoms, treatment
Species= Human Papilloma virus
Symptoms= growth of warts on genitals, cervical cancers, pulmonary obstructions
Vaccine= Gardasil, Cervarix
Treatment= Removal of warts or topical cream. It is diagnosed with a Papsmear
Scalded Skin Syndrome;
Species, symptoms, treatment
Species= Staphylococcus aureus
Symtoms= Gas buildup, inflammation, leaky drainage, blistered skin
Toxin= Exfoliative A/B toxin
Treatment= Antibiotics and clean the wounds
Impetigo:
Species, symptoms, treatment
Species= Stap aures, Strep progenies
Symptoms= Patchy/crusty skin, similar to SSS. face lesions
Treatment= Topical ointment. MRSA is resistant to penicillin
Necrotizing fasciitis:
Species, symptoms, treatment
Species= Strep pyogenes, Stap aureus
Symptoms= Minor infection of hair follicle or break in the skin
Toxin= Toxin present in the bloodstream
Treatment= Broad spectrum antibiotics and surgery to remove dead and damaged tissues. Can result in amputation of affected limbs
Gas Gangrene:
Species, symptoms, treatment
Species= Clostridium perfringens (endospore forming),
-Froms anaerobic cellulitis and myonecrosis
Symptoms= Inflammation of deep puncture wounds, RBC rupture, edema, tissue destruction, gas buildup
Toxin= Multiple exotoxins and endospores
Treatment= Treatment and prevention are centered on rapid, rigorous cleaning and repair of deep wounds. Surgery or amputation of affected limbs. Antibiotics
Burn infections:
Species, symptoms, treatment
Species= Pseudomonas ariginosa (greenish color)
-2nd complications, and septicemia are problems
Symptoms= Burns
Treatment= Debridement of tissue daily until the skin is no longer infected. It is very hard to treat
Chickenpox:
Species, symptoms, treatment
Species= Varicella Zoster virus (member of the Herpesviridae)
Symptoms= Fever, rash with clear liquid, itchiness
Vaccine= Varivax
Treatment= treat symptoms
Shingles:
Species, symptoms, treatment
Species= The VZV virus that was the chickenpox
Symptoms= Painful, localized rash, tender, persistent vesicles with painful inflammation of the ganglia for months
Vaccine= Zostavax
Treatment= Treat the symptoms
Measles;
Species, symptoms, treatment
Species= Measles virus (Morbillivirus family)
Symptoms= Sore throat, dry cough, headache, conjunctivitis, lymphadentits, fever, Koplik spots, rash, secondary infections
Vaccine= MMR vaccine
Treatment= Symptomatic relief, reduce fever, suppress cough, replace lost fluids, and use antibiotics for secondary infections
Keratitis:
Species, symptoms, treatment
Species= Herpes simplex virus, also any other bacteria
Symptoms= Reactivation of oral herpes simplex virus 1, it travels to the ophthalmic. Mild pain and redness
Treatment= Topical trifluridine and oral acyclovir. Can be prevented with goof hygiene
Conjunctivitis:
Species, symptoms, treatment
Species= Caused by many species
-Neontal is caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachoma’s
Symptoms=
Bacterial- milky discharge
Viral- clear fluid
Mild pain, redness and eyelid swelling in the eye
Treatment= Antibiotic ointment for a bacterial infection. Treat the symptoms for a viral infection
Meningitis:
Species, symptoms, treatment
Species= Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitides, Listeria monocytogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae
Symptoms= Photophobia, headache, painful/stiff neck, fever, increased leukocytes in CSF, inflammation of the menages
Toxin= Meningococcemia
Vaccine= NM- Merino, SP- Preener & Pnumovax
Treatment= NM- Ceftriaxone, Ciprofloxarcinon. SP- Rifampin and Vancomycin. SA- Penicillin
