Lab 10, Mitosis Flashcards
What is mitosis?
A process of cell duplication, where one parent cell divides into two identical daughter cells.
Why is mitosis important?
- Growth
- Repair
- Development
Where does mitosis occur or doesn’t occur?
Occurs: Most somatic cells
Doesn’t Occur: Muscle & Nerve Cells, Testes, Ovaries
What are the four stages of mitosis?
- Prophase
- Metaphase
- Anaphase
- Telophase
How did scientists divide mitosis into five steps?
Characterized by:
- Appearance
- State of chromosomes
- Spindle apparatus
Diploid
Two complete sets of chromosomes.
When is the cell in Interphase?
When a cell is carrying out its routine metabolic activities.
What are the three stages of Interphase?
- G1 (growth)
- S (growth and replication of chromosomes)
- G2 (growth and final preparations for division)
Mitotic Phase
A multistep process during which the duplicated chromosomes are aligned, separated, and move into two new, identical daughter cells.
What is the first portion of cell division called?
Karyokinesis/Nuclear Division
What is the second portion of cell divison called?
Cytokinesis
What happens during the second portion of cell division (cytokinesis)?
The physical separation of the cytoplasmic components into the two daughter cells.
What is the structure of a chromosome?
- Centromere
- Telomere
- Arms (p and q)
Properties of Prophase
- Chromosomes condense/compact
- Centrioles separate
- Spindle Apparatus forms
- Nuclear Envelope disintegrates
Properties of Metaphase
- Chromosomes are in their most compacted state.
- Chromosomes arrange themselves on the equatorial plane.
- Chromosomes are lined up for the separation of chromatids.
