Lab 1: Terms & Microscope Flashcards
Anatomical position
Standing erect, facing forward, arms at sides, palms facing forward
Superior and inferior
Superior means above, inferior means below
Only used for body core never for limbs
Dorsal And ventral
Dorsal is referring to the back, ventral is referring to the stomach
Anterior and Posterior
Anterior is a surface on the front, posterior is a service on the back
Proximinal and distally
Proximinal is closest to the body, there still is attachment for this from the body
Only for limbs
Medial and lateral
Medial towards towards the midline of the body, lateral Away from the body
Cardio and cranial
Cardio is the tail end, cranial is the head end
Superficial and deep
Superficial is towards the outside of the skin, deep is towards the inside of the body
Another word for superficial is
External or peripheral
Another word for deep is
Internal
Sagittal section
Divides the body into right and left sides
Mid sagittal section
Cut the body into left and right sides equally
Frontal section
Divides the body into anterior and posterior
Frontal can also be called
Coronel
Transverse section
Cuts the body into superior and inferior sections
Dorsal body cavity
Brain and spinal cord
Ventral body cavity
Visceral organs or viscera
Two regions of the dorsal body cavity
Cranial cavity, spinal canal
Two main regions of the ventral body cavity
Thoracic cavity, abdominal pelvic cavity
The two main regions of the ventral body cavity is divided by the
Diaphragm
Thoracic cavity contains
A right plural cavity, a left plural cavity, and the pericardial cavity
Pericardial or pericardium refer to the
Heart
The Abdominal pelvic cavity contains two cavities which are
The abdominal cavity and the pelvic cavity
The abdominal cavity contains
The stomach deliver the gallbladder the pancreas the spleen the kidneys the small intestine and most of the large intestine
The pelvic cavity contains
Urinary bladder the sigmoid colon the rectum the uterus and the ovaries
Where do you find a moist slippery double layered serious membrane?
The ventral cavity
What are the parts of the series membrane
The visceral layer, parietal layer
The visceral there
Lines the organ or a cavity
The parietal layer
Lines the wall of the cavity
Pleurae refers to the
Lungs
Inflammation of the lungs is called
Pleurisy
Peritoneum refers to
The abdominal cavity
The peritonium has double layered folds called what?
Mesenteries
What does the mesenteries do?
Extends from the body wall to the viscera, holding these organs in place
Organs that lie behind the parietal peritoneal
The pancreas, kidneys, adrenal glands, sex organs, urinary bladder, Duodenum of the small intestines, and ascending and descending colon
How can the Abdominal pelvic cavity be divided
By being split into quadrants by transverse and mid sagittal plane passing through the umbilicus.
What is the most important tool in biology
Compound microscope
How do you clean the lens of a microscope
Use lens cleaner and lens tissue or Kim wipes
How do you pick up a microscope
One hand on arm, one hand under the base
Condenser lens
Concentrate and directs the light up to the specimen
Resolution
Ability to distinguish the fine detail of a viewed object
Course focus
Controls working distance between slide and objective lens
Object stage
Platform for viewing specimens on slides
Fine focus
Permits depth perception of viewed objects
Iris diaphragm
Controls the amount of light emitted to the specimen
Parfocal
Ability to change magnification without refocusing
Revolving nose piece
Supports the objective lenses
Mechanical stage
Allows one to locate a specific area of the slide under view
What does image reversal mean under a microscope
Object will appear flipped upside down and flipped left to right
Total magnification
Any combination of the objective lens and ocular lens is simply the product of the magnification of each
The ocular lens magnification is always
10 times
The objective lens magnification can be
Four times, 10 times, or 40 times
The total magnification for each of the objective lenses would be
10×4 would equal 40, 10×10 would equal 100, 10×40 would equal 400
However if given the total magnification you would just need to find the variable that’s missing by
Dividing
As the total magnification of a compound microscope changes from 400 to 100 the death of focus
Increases
As the total magnification of a compound microscope changes from 100 to 400 deaths of focus
Decreases
What is the total magnification produce from a six times ocular lens in a 25 times objective lens
150
You should always start with the _______power objective lens when first viewing a Microscope slide
Lowest
