Lab 1 Review Flashcards
Cranial/superior
Towards the head region
Caudal/Inferior
Towards the tail/feet region
Transverse
Cuts perpendicular to the long axis of the body
Frontal
Divides front (ventral) and back (dorsal)
Distal
far from point of origin
Ventral
front side (near belly)
Dorsal
nearest to the backbone
Proximal
near the point of origin
Distal
Far from point of origin
Epiglottis
flap that covers glottis to prevent food from entering the larynx and trachea
Glottis
Opening in the oral cavity that leads to the larynx and trachea
Nasopharynx
separate nasal from oral cavities
Thymus Gland
produces thymosin
Thyroid Gland
produces thyroxin and calcitonin
Stomach
produces chemicals to break down food
Duodenum
Receives enzymes from the gall bladder and pancreas.
Jejunum
absorbs nutrients and reabsorption of water
Ileum
continues absorbs nutrients and reabsorption of water
Cecum
contains anaerobic bacteria responsible for fermentation of cellulose
Ascending Colon
absorption of water and collection of waste materials
Spiral Colon
reabsorption of water and electrolytes
Rectum
the final site of water reabsorption and feces dehydration
Liver
Produces bile, and converts glucose to glycogen for storage.
Gall Bladder
stores bile produced by the liver
Pancreas
Secretes digestive enzymes such as Lipase
Spleen
stores blood, recycles RBC, and produces lymphocytes
Pericardial Membrane
Membrane that surrounds heart
Right & Left Atrium
upper chambers of the heart, deoxygenated blood enters the heart through the right atrium, and oxygenated blood comes to the left atrium after the lungs
Right and Left Ventricle
lower chambers of the heart, deoxygenated blood moves from the right ventricle into the pulmonary arteries to the lungs. oxygenated blood is moved from the left atrium through the left ventricle to the aorta.
Coronary Vessels
runs along the surface of the heart
Vena Cava
large veins on the atrium of the heart
Pulmonary Artery
In the chest cavity
Pulmonary Veins
close to the pulmonary arteries, carries deoxygenated blood into the lungs
Aorta
pumps oxygenated blood to the rest of the body. Top of the heart
Diaphragm
the muscle that helps with breathing, sheet of muscle near the lungs
Kidney
shaped like a bean in the abdomen, filters waste from the blood and regulates blood’s salt and water levels.
Urinary Bladder
stores urine, near the bottom of the abdomen.
Ureter
long tube that connects kidney to bladder
Urethra
carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body,
Ovaries
paired in the abdominal cavity, stores eggs
Oviducts
receives mature eggs from ovaries
Uterus
the structure in the midline of the lower abdomen that connects to the uterine horns (the squiggly things)
Eurogenital Sinus
opening where the vagina and urethra come together.
Vagina
caudal to the cervix
Scrotum
tissue surrounding testes
Testes
inside the scrotum, produces sperm
Epididymis
cupped around the testes
Vas Deferens
the tube that sperm travels through, near urethra
Penis
Along the ventral wall of the abdomen
Seminal Vesicles, Prostate Gland, Bulbourethral Glands
structures that help with the production of semen
