Lab #1 Definitions Flashcards
Reproduction
To produce again
Autoregulation
Self regulation
(Auto)=self
Hypothalamus
A specialized structure of the endocrine system that produces hormones for homeostatic regulation
Pericardial
Located around the heart
Avascular
Without blood flow
Endocrine
A system of specialized structures that produces hormones for homeostatic regulation
Merocrine
A strategy of secreting hormones via exocytosis
Apocrine
A strategy of secreting hormones in which the apical portion of the cell is destroyed to release the hormones
Holocrine
A strategy of secreting hormones in which the entire cell is destroyed to release the hormones
Autocrine
The cell that releases the hormone is affected by it
Paracrine
Secretion of hormones that effects the neighboring or surrounding cells
Tachycardia
Elevated resting heart rate >100
Bradycardia
Low resting heart rate <60
Cardiopulmonary
Heart and lungs
EXTRA CREDIT
Symmorphosis
Matching of linked systems
Cardiac system + pulmonary system =
Cardiopulmonary
Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) or Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
Biological fuel
Cutaneous
Surface
Subcutaneous
Below the surface
Cytogenetics
The inheritable characteristics of the cell
Remember genetics are inheritable and cyto =cell
Oligodendrocyte
A specialized nerve cell that produces myelin
Oligo= lipid dendro= nerve cyte =cell
Myelin is the fatty covering over nerves
Hepatocyte
Liver cells
Leukocyte
White blood cells or immune cells
Macrophage
Immune cells that eat or engulf large quantities
Microphages
Immune cells called neutrophils that eat or engulf small amounts
Decomposition
To break down the elemental particles
Metabolism
The sum of the chemical reactions
Catabolism
Chemical reactions that break things into smaller parts
Anabolic
Chemical reactions that build things up into larger parts
Hydrophilic
Water soluble
Hydrophobic
Insoluble in water
Amphiphatic
A chemical or molecule that has a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail used to transport fat
Colloid
Not solid
Or liquid
Gel like
Hydrostatic
Blood pressure
Hypertonic
Hyper osmotic
More particulate matter and less water
Hypotonic
Hypo osmotic
Less particulate matter and more water
Glucose
Usable sugar
Glycogen
Stored sugar
Glycolysis
Chemical process of converting sugar into ATP
Hyperkalemia
Elevated blood potassium
Hypokalemia
Low blood potassium
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
The blueprint or textbook of
Life that translates into the making of all structures
Glycoproteins
A signaling molecule that is made from protein and carbohydrates
Extra cellular
Located outside the cell
Intercellular
Located inside the cell
Interstitial
Located between the cells
Epithelial
A classification of tissue that lines or covers
Erythrocyte
Red blood cells
Epigastric
Located above the stomach
Hemocytology
Study of blood and its components
Celluitis
Inflammation of the interstitial space
Hepatitis
Inflammation of the liver
Lipolysis
The break down of lipids or the conversion of lipids for fuel
Micro vascular
Small blood networking tubing
Myocardium
Heart muscle
Pathology
The study of disease
Supraglenoidfossa
Located above the shallow depression of the glenoid
Glycocalyx
A coating on the surface of the epithelial cells
Cytoskeleton
The frame work of the cells
Microfilaments
Special proteins that make the cytoskeleton
Microtubules
Special proteins that make the cytoskeleton
Myosin
Specialized muscle protein responsible for contraction
Microvilli
Used to increase the surface areas on the cells which increases absorption
Cytosol
Cytoplasm, the fluid portion inside the cell
Endoplasmic reticulum
A cellular organelle that is responsible for protein synthesis, fat and carbohydrate modification
Autolysis
A process of self cutting on proteins that makes them active
Denaturation
To unravel, break apart , or unfolding of proteins
Peri nuclear
Located around the nucleus
Transcription
The process of DNA➡️RNA
Monosaccharide
A single single molecule
Monoaclyglyceride
Or
Monoglyceride
A single fat molecule
Polypeptide
Many or large proteins
Cytokinesis
The process of cell movement
Endocytosis
The process of moving particulate matter into the cell
Exocytosis
The process of moving particulate matter out of the cell
Hemolysis
RBC destruction
Endothelium
The inside layer or lining of a structure
Exogenous
Manufactured or taken in from outside the body
Endogenous
Manufactured from inside the body
Kinase
An enzyme that transfers a phosphate
Transmembrane
Across the membrane
Antiangeogenesis factor
A chemical that inhibits the growth of new blood cells
Osteocytes
Bone cell
Subserous fascia
Connective tissue located under the serous lining
Dysphasia
Abnormal growth
Pericarditis
Inflammation around the heart
Peritonitis
Inflammation of the peritoneum of the stomach
Pleuritis
Inflammation of the pleural lining of the lungs
Epidermal
Outside covering (skin)
Pseudostratisfied
A special category of epithelial tissue that is characterized by false layering
Osmolality
The quantity of particulate matter dissolved in some standard volume of solution. Normal human osmolality is 286 mOsm
Isoosmotic
Isotonic: a solution that represent 286 mOsm or physiological norm
Hyper-osmotic
Hypertonic, a solution with more particulate matter and less water which is above 286 mOsm
Hypoosmotic
Hypotonic, a solution with less particles and more water that is less than 286 mOsm
