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Athletic Injuries > Lab 1 > Flashcards

Lab 1 Flashcards

1
Q

An observable physical phenomenon so frequently associated with a given condition as to be considered indicative of its presence

A

Sign

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2
Q

An organic or physiologic manifestation of disease of which the patient is usually aware and frequently complains of

A

Symptom

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3
Q

A cutaneous area receiving the greater part of its innervation from a single spinal nerve

A

Dermatome

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4
Q

A muscle receiving the greater part of it’s innervation from a single spinal nerve

A

Myotome

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5
Q

Angulation toward the body (midline)

A

Varus

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6
Q

Angulation away from the body (midline)

A

Valgus

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7
Q

To draw away from a center or median line

A

Abduction

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8
Q

To draw toward a center or median line

A

Adduction

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9
Q

The assessment of an injury is done under a SOAP format. What does this stand for?

A

Subjective
Objective
Analysis
Program

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10
Q

Subjective

A

history and observation

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11
Q

Objective

A 
clear above and below joint
active movement
passive movement
resisted movement
neuro
special tests (remember to always compare to opposite side)
palpation
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12
Q

Analysis

A

decide which tissues are at fault (contractile, inert or both)

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13
Q

Program

A

what is the treatment?

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14
Q

What are the 3 goals of an onfield assessment?

A

1) rule out life or limb threatening injury
2) determine if area is stable
3) determine how athlete is going to be removed

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15
Q

What ways can an athlete be removed from the field?

A

assisted vs. supported

weight bearing vs. non weight bearing

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16
Q

What is a strain?

A

disruption of a contractile unit due to excessive stress caused by passive stretch and active contraction

17
Q

What is a sprain?

A

disruption of a ligament by force - moves one bone abnormally on another

18
Q

Grade 1 Strain

A

Minimal pain
Little loss of strength
Pain on extreme stretch
No increase in circumference

19
Q

Grade 2 Strain

A

Marked pain
Considerable loss of strength
Limited stretch
Slowly increasing circumference

20
Q

Grade 3 Strain

A

Significant pain
Flicker/no strength
Variable stretch
Rapidly increasing circumference

21
Q

Grade 1 Sprain

A

Slight pain when stress replicated
No laxity
Good endpoint

22
Q

Grade 2 Sprain

A

Significant pain when stress replicated
Some laxity
Endpoint

23
Q

Grade 3 Sprain

A

Variable pain when stress replicated
Gross laxity
No endpoint

24
Q

What is the order of an assessment?

A

Subjective - history and observation

Objective - AROM, PROM, Resisted, Neuro, Special Tests, Palpation

25
Q

Active movements cause pain in which soft tissues?

A

contractile and inert

26
Q

AROM gives us important information like…

A

where they are sore
willingness to move
ROM

27
Q

Passive movement cause pain in which soft tissues?

A

inert and puts the antagonist on stretch

28
Q

What does PROM tell us?

A

endfeel

29
Q

List three normal endfeels?

A

bony
spongy
capsular

30
Q

List three abnormal endfeels?

A

empty
springy
spasm/stretch
abnormal capsular

31
Q

Resisted movement tests which soft tissues?

A

contractile

32
Q

How is resisted movement tested?

A

Athlete positioned with joint in neutral
Ask athlete to hold the joint in desired position
We attempt to move the joint in the direction opposite to which the muscle performs slowly.
Slowly release

tests muscle and nerve

33
Q

If something is wrong with a nerve how is that evidence in a muscle contraction?

A

weak contraciton

34
Q

If a muscle contraction is painful - is it the muscle or the nerve at fault?

A

muscle

35
Q

If a muscle contraction is weak and painless, what is happening to the muscle and the nerve?

A

Muscle - complete tear/chronic

Nerve - compressed

36
Q

List the myotomes of the cervical spine

A 
C1-2 Neck flexion
C3 - neck side flexion
C4 - Shoulder elevation
C5 - Shoulder abduction
C6 - Elbow flexion
C7 - elbow extension
C8 - thumb extension
T1 - intrinsic hand muscles
37
Q

List the myotomes of the lower extremity

A

L1-2 hip flexion
L3 - knee extension
L4 - ankle dorsal flexion
L5 - toe extension

S1 - ankle plantar flexion, eversion, hip extension
S2 - knee flexion
S3 - intrinsic foot muscles

38
Q

What are the functions of taping?

A
  • provide immediate first aid
  • to prevent injury
  • to protect a previously injured limb
  • never tape over a suspected undiagnosed injury in order to allow participaiton

Athletic Injuries (1 decks)

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