Lab 1

Question 1

Tonicity

Answer 1

The ability of a solution to change the shape (tone) of cells by altering the cells’ internal water volume

Question 2

Homeostasis

Answer 2

Maintenance of stable internal conditions

ex: temperature regulation

Question 3

Gradient

Answer 3

A gradient is a difference in concentration of a substance in one area relative to another

Question 4

Matter & energy, when free to move

Answer 4

travel down/along their concentration gradients

Question 5

Exchanged across surfaces

Answer 5

are matter and energy

Question 6

Diffusion

Answer 6

The tendency of molecules (or
ions) to move down their
concentration gradient until
equilibrium is reached

Question 7

Osmosis

Answer 7

The diffusion of a solvent, such
as water, through a selectively
permeable membrane until
equilibrium is reached

Question 8

Isotonic Solutions

Answer 8

Cells retain their normal size and shape in isotonic solutions (same solute/water concentration as inside cells: water moves in and out at same rate)

Question 9

Hypertonic Solution

Answer 9

Cells lose water by osmosis and shrink ( contains a higher concentration of solutes than are present inside the cells)

Question 10

Hypotonic Solutions

Answer 10

Cells take on water by osmosis until they become bloated and burst (lyse) (contains a lower concentration of solutes than are present inside cells)

Question 11

Frontal Section

Answer 11

separates front and back

Question 12

Transverse Section

Answer 12

separates top and bottom

Question 13

Median section (midsagittal)

Answer 13

separates right and left

Question 14

Lateral

Answer 14

Away from the midline of the body: on the outer side

Question 15

Medial

Answer 15

toward or at the midline of the body: on the inner side

Question 16

intermediate

Answer 16

between a more medial and a more lateral structure

Question 17

ventral (anterior)

Answer 17

toward or at the front of the body; in front of

Question 18

Dorsal (posterior)

Answer 18

toward or at the back of the body ; behind

Question 19

Form/function

Answer 19

the physical form of any anatomical structure is intimately linked with its function.

Question 20

anatomical position

Answer 20

standing, arms down, palms facing forward

Question 21

solutes

Answer 21

substances that are dissolved in a fluid

Question 22

solvent

Answer 22

the fluid that solutes are dissolved in

Question 23

solution

Answer 23

mixture of solutes and solvent

Question 24

diffusion

Answer 24

process in which particles disperse down their concentration gradient

Question 25

equilibrium

Answer 25

particles are evenly distributed, or in a steady state