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PLS 366 > Lab 1 > Flashcards

Lab 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the five soil forming factors?

A

Climate, biota, parent material, topography, time

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2
Q

Igneous Rocks are composed of?

A

primary minerals (quartz feldspar, mica)

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3
Q

Coarser grained soils =

A

slower weathering

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4
Q

Sedimentary Rocks are?

A

Sandstone, shale, limestone

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5
Q

Why do sink holes form where there are sedimentary rocks?

A

There rocks weather a lot and they form caves and are what formed Karst topography and the bluegrass landscape

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6
Q

What are the two types of weathering?

A

Chemical and Physical

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7
Q

What is chemical weathering?

A

altering the composition of the mineral

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8
Q

What conditions are ideal for chemical weathering?

A

High temperature, high precipitation, and small particle sizes.

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9
Q

What is physical weathering?

A

Disintegration. (wind, water, freeze-thaw, roots, soil animals, people)

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10
Q

What are the processes of chemical weathering?

A

Hydrolysis, hydration, carbonation, dissolution, and oxidation-reduction

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11
Q

What is Hydrolysis?

A

adding water across a bond

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12
Q

What is hydration?

A

adding water to a chemical structure

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13
Q

What is carbonation?

A

Co2 dissolving in water

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14
Q

What is dissolution?

A

minerals dissolving in water

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15
Q

What is oxidation-reduction?

A

loss and gain of electrons (moving from Fe2 to Fe3)

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16
Q

What is complexation?

A

It’s the equation that looks really complex, it is mediated by soil biological processes

17
Q

How does particle size relate to pH reaction?

A

coarse size is minimal color change and fine size is bright pink color

18
Q

Why does the fine texture react more?

A

the fine particle size exposes greater surface area

19
Q

How does rainfall correspond with pH?

A

More rainfall = lower pH

20
Q

a higher pH mean what if HCl is added

A

more bubbling

21
Q

What does pH indicate in regards to weathering?

A

a lower soil pH indicates a more weathered soil

PLS 366 (11 decks)

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