lab 1

Question 1

Fundamental niche

Answer 1

total range of physical conditions which organism could theoretically survive

Question 2

realized niche

Answer 2

portion of fundamental niche actually occupied by species

Question 3

Niche Breadth

Answer 3

range along a resource spectrum given organism can occupy
–> the width of the curve

Question 4

narrow niche breadth vs wide niche breadth

Answer 4

narrow niche breadth= specialist
wide niche breadth = generalist

Question 5

niche breadth (B) closer to 1

Answer 5

more generalist

Question 6

niche breadth (B) closer to 0

Answer 6

more specialist

Question 7

Niche overlap coefficient

Answer 7

alpha jk

Question 8

niche overlap coefficient closer to 1 vs closer to 0

Answer 8

closer to 0=less overlap
closer to 1= more overlap

Question 9

competitive exclusion

Answer 9

the elimination of a species form a overlapping abitat

Question 10

what are the results of competitive exclusion

Answer 10

• one species could replace inferior species entire geographic range, causing extinction
  -allopatric distribution: the elimination of a species from part of its range
  -both species remain in overlapping sympatric distribution, inferior species must abandon limited resource and replace it

Question 11

what type of data is chi square goodness of fit test used for

Answer 11

count/ enumeration data

Question 12

what are the different variables in the niche breadth and niche overlap calculations
B
n
pi
qi
alpha jk
j and k
pij pik=

Answer 12

B=Niche breadth
n=#food types
pi= proportion of species diet consisting of food i
qi=proportion of available resources made of type i
alpha jk=coefficient of niche overlap
species–> j and k
pij pik=proportion of diets of species j and k consiting of food type i