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lab 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What amino acid does every protein begin with

A

Methionine

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2
Q

a sulfur-containing amino acid that is a constituent of most proteins. is specified by a codon AUG, which is also knows as the start codon. Methionine is the first amino acid to dock in the ribosome during the synthesis of protein.

A

methionine

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3
Q

Translate DNA to mRNA and mRNA to protein

A

DNA to mRNA is: A-T, C-G
mRNA to A-U, C-G
the T changes to mRna

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4
Q

The general role of DNA polymerase is

A

reconnects DNA during replication

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5
Q

The general rule for DNA helicase is that

A

it separate DNA during replication

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6
Q

RNA polymerase separate DNA during transcription

A

separate DNA during transcription

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7
Q

Mutagen

A

an agent which causes genetic mutation. Example x-ray, radioactive

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8
Q

that lack the ability to replicate away from their host cell.

A

obligate intracellular parasites

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9
Q

A parasite that causes disease is called a

A

pathogen

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10
Q

anything that stimulate the immune system

A

antigens,

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11
Q

a diagnostic procedure to detect the presence of the pathogen

A

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay(ELISA)

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12
Q

Some people are_of disease

A

carriers

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13
Q

_may not cause its host any immediate discomfort, with no or only mild symptoms.

A

Pathogen

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14
Q

The rapid spread of a life threatening disease agent is known as an

A

epidemic

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15
Q

Epidemics that spread from continent to continent are referred to as a

A

pandemic, like AIDS

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16
Q

The study of disease at the population level is known as

A

epidemiology

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17
Q

Both bacteria and archaea are

A

prokaryotes.

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18
Q

Bacteria have the following characteristics:

A

No membrane-bound organelles

Single circular strand of DNA with no associated histone proteins

Most bacteria have a rigid cell wall composed of peptidoglycan (carbohydrate matrix linked with polypeptide units)

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19
Q

Archaea have the following characteristics:

A

No membrane-bound organelles

Single circular strand of DNA with associated histone proteins

Cell membrane contains isoprene chains

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20
Q

What Ph indicator was during the epidemic simulation

A

Phenolphthalein

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21
Q

Recognize and identify the slide of spirogyra and amoeba

A

Spirogyra: green algae, green in color, chloroplast, cell membrane, protist, looks like sugar cane.
Amoeba: Protist, pink, purple, nucleus, looks like snail

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22
Q

Recognize and identify the slide of candida ablicans, blue mold and Aspergillus

A

Aspergillus: Looks like a sperm with flagella, has tail and head.
Blue mold: blue in color
Candida ablicans: looks pink, dark midle and spread wide lightly

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23
Q

Recognize and identify slides of root and stem

A

root tip: yellow
typical dicot root: Look like star fish, compact middle, xylem, phloem in middle
Pine stem: xylem, phloem outside the middle

24
Q

What is the role of stomata?

A

regulate gas exchange between plant and environment.

control of water loss by changing size of the stomatal pores

25
Q

Recognize stomata

A

round with a nucleus that looks like eye, has green pigment in the circle and looks like vagina

26
Q

the main differences between monocot and dicots

A

Monocot: one cotyledon, fibrous, parallel, scattered, flowering plant in multiples of 3, one furrow, wheat, corn
Dicot: 2 cotyledons, in multiple of 4 to 5, taproot, three furrow, netlike, sunflower, apple trees, in a ring.

27
Q

compare and contrast embryo, root, stem, flower, leave

A

Monocot root: vascular bundle in ring forms
monocot stem: scattered vascular bundle
monocot leaves: parallel leaf vein together with long axis.
monocot flower:3 flower part or multiple of 3

28
Q

compare and contrast embryo, root, stem, flower, leave

A

dicot root: xylem in the center, x shape
dicot stem: vascular bundle in ring form
dicot leaves: have anastomose vein network from mid-vein
Dicot flower: 4 or 5 flower part

29
Q

Which of the following feeding strategies is most likely to be used by aquatic organisms?

A

filter feeding

30
Q

Which of the following statements describes how healthy corals appear brightly colored

A

they host symbionts with colorful photosynthetic pigments

31
Q

If you brush your fingers along the tentacles of a sea anemone, which of the following are you most likely to find upon microscopic examination of your fingers?

A

nematocysts

32
Q

Which of the following characteristics is exhibited by most hydrozoans?

A

both polyps and medusa forms

33
Q

Against which of the following do the circular and longitudinal muscles of annelids work?

A

hydrostatic skeleton

34
Q

Which of the following statements best explains how planarians can survive and thrive without respiratory or circulatory systems?

A

none of their cells are far removed from the gastrovascular cavity or from the external environment

35
Q

You find a multi-legged animal in your garden and want to determine if it is a centipede or a millipede. Which of the following characteristics would allow you to make this distinction?

A

poisonous claws

36
Q

Which of the following characteristics do all insects exhibit?

A

they have an exoskeleton or cuticle

37
Q

The heartworms that can accumulate within the hearts of dogs and other mammals have a hemocoel, an alimentary canal, and an outer covering that is occasionally shed. To which phylum does the heartworm belong?

A

) Nematoda

38
Q

As you are walking along a beach, you find an animal and believe that it belongs to the class Asteroidea. Which of the following characteristics would support your hypothesis that the animal is a sea star and not another type of echinoderm?

A

it has five or more appendages.

39
Q

Which of the following characteristics is exhibited by the water vascular system of echinoderms?

A

it functions in locomotion and feeding

40
Q

Which of the following combinations correctly matches a phylum to its description

A

Echinodermata–bilateral symmetry as a larva, water vascular system

41
Q

Which of the following animal groups is entirely aquatic?

A

Echinodermata

42
Q

Which phylum is characterized by animals that have a segmented body?

A

Arthropoda

43
Q

Most bilaterians have

A

all of the above

44
Q

Some species of ___________ reproduce via parthenogenesis, where females produce female offspring from unfertilized eggs

A

Rotifer

45
Q

Snails, slugs, oysters, clams, octopuses and squids are apart of the phylum _____________.

A

Molluscs

46
Q

Which Ecdysoza group lives primarily in aquatic habitats or on plants or animals and can survive for days in extremely low temperatures (-200°C). These organisms have even been shown to survive in the vacuum of space!

A

Tardigarda

47
Q

Chelicerates are named for claw-like feeding appendages called chelicerae. Most marine chelicerates are extinct except

A

A and B

48
Q

Which order of winged insects has the most species?

A

Coleoptera

49
Q

If the G was change for an A what type of mutation would take place

A

(TAG -TAA) point mutation(silent)

50
Q

If A was deleted what type of mutation would take place

A

CTA-CT dilation

51
Q

what would be the effect of the overall protein?

A

frame shift mutation

52
Q

a protein made by plasma cell in repose to an antigen

A

antibodies

53
Q

when the stomata are open

A

give off water vapor
absorbing carbon dioxide
giving oxygen off

54
Q

when the stomata are back

if they are just a line

A

they open

they close

55
Q

when did Echinoderms first appeared fossil record

A

cambium explosion(more than 540 millions years ago)

56
Q

in what phylum do star fish belong

A

echinoderm

57
Q

name two classes of echinoderms and a member of each

A

Eletherozoa: starfish(mobile)
Plamatozoa:feather stars(immobile)

lab exam (1 decks)

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